Leachate Characteristics and its Treatme

The issue of waste management has existed since the dawn of time. Municipal waste landfilling is a key problem in the waste management system, necessitating proper treatment of leachate before environmental discharge. This review elucidates two main types of leachate treatment technologies: biological methods and physical/chemical methods. It discusses the generation of leachate, which is characterized as a complex effluent with a high potential for pollution due to various biological, chemical, and physical processes at landfills. The research highlights the critical environmental issues arising from untreated leachate, such as soil and groundwater pollution and human health threats. Current procedures for treating landfill leachates are overviewed, emphasizing the rise in treatment efforts corresponding with increasing leachate effluent quality criteria. The results demonstrate a significant need for further research into effective treatment techniques to mitigate the environmental impacts of landfill leachates.