NOx Prediction of Supersonic Coherent Jets for Electric Arc Steelmaking Furnace

Supersonic coherent jets are integral to modern steelmaking processes, particularly in electric arc furnaces (EAF), where the injection of oxygen enhances liquid gas mixing and reaction rates, thereby improving energy efficiency. This study aims to analyze and predict pollutant formation, particularly nitrogen oxides (NOx), generated by these jets under various configurations, namely methane and hydrogen shrouding. A series of numerical simulations were conducted to explore the concentration and distribution of NOx. Results indicate that NO concentration, which can reach as high as 1070 ppm near the jet's high-temperature region, dominates the pollutant spectrum, although levels drop below 225 ppm along the fuel inlet axis. Additionally, the study finds that NOx concentrations rise along the radial direction up to a certain limit from the jet's centerline, before gradually decreasing, while NO concentrations peak downstream along the jet axis at specific distances. These findings underline the necessity for precise prediction of pollutant emissions as the steel industry seeks to transition towards lower emission standards.