A comparison of real-time monitoring of select metal concentrations in a copper smelter workplace compared to standard pump air sampling monitoring methods

This research investigates the efficacy of a direct-reading instrument for estimating metal concentrations in the air of a copper smelter workplace, compared to traditional pump-filter air sampling methods. The objective is to ascertain if real-time monitoring can serve as a reliable tool for assessing arsenic, cadmium, copper, and lead levels. Air sampling was performed using precision flow air sampling pumps and mixed cellulose ester filters for respirable and total dust, while particulate matter with a diameter of 10mm or less (PM10) was collected using PM10 impactors. Samples were analyzed in an accredited laboratory to quantify the metal concentrations. Concurrently, a Haz-Dust real-time instrument measured particulate concentrations. Data from both monitoring approaches were statistically compared through Pearson’s correlation and linear regression analyses to establish relationships between them. Results indicated correlation coefficients varying from 0.14 for respirable lead to 0.49 for copper PM10, with R2 values ranging from 0.581 for lead PM10 to 0.821 for copper total dust. The findings suggest that while the direct-reading instrument can provide general estimates of metal concentrations, it lacks the precision needed to supplant conventional monitoring techniques and should only be used as a supplementary guidance tool.