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Volume Stabilization of Steel Slag for Low-Carbon Construction Materials: Mechanisms, Treatment Technologies, and Engineering Application Pathways

Jiarui Gu, Zinuo Tian

2025Englishsteel slagvolume stabilityconstruction materialscarbonationwaste recyclinglow carbon

Abstract

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Steel slag (SS), a major industrial solid waste generated during steelmaking, has considerable cementitious potential and high hardness for use in low-carbon construction materials. However, its widespread utilization is limited by poor volume stability arising from the delayed hydration and expansion of free CaO (f-CaO) and free MgO (f-MgO). This review systematically examines the formation mechanisms of these expansive phases and evaluates four stabilization technologies, including surface modification, high-temperature modification, acid treatment, and carbonation, with respect to their reaction mechanisms, technical advantages, limitations, and engineering applicability. The performance of stabilized SS in cementitious matrices and as construction aggregates is also assessed, together with the corresponding application scenarios. Carbonation is a promising route because it can simultaneously reduce reactive expansive phases and mineralize CO2.

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Cite This Work

@article{11196450-eaf4-46b9-872e-e4eacfe08dc8,
  title={Volume Stabilization of Steel Slag for Low-Carbon Construction Materials: Mechanisms, Treatment Technologies, and Engineering Application Pathways},
  author={Jiarui Gu and Zinuo Tian},
  year={2025},
  language={English}
}
TY  - JOUR
TI  - Volume Stabilization of Steel Slag for Low-Carbon Construction Materials: Mechanisms, Treatment Technologies, and Engineering Application Pathways
AU  - Jiarui Gu
AU  - Zinuo Tian
PY  - 2025
LA  - English
ER  -

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