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A Review of Efficient Routing Architectures Using OSPF, BGP, and MPLS in Multi-Protocol Networks

Yash Muni

2026enrouting protocolsnetwork architectureOSPFBGPMPLSmulti-protocol networks

Abstract

Language:

Protocol networks provide the foundational rules and mechanisms that govern how data is transmitted, routed, and received across complex digital communication systems. This paper focuses on three core technologies that underpin modern IP-based networks: Open Shortest Path First (OSPF), Border Gateway Protocol (BGP), and Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS). Each protocol is examined in terms of its architecture, operational principles, key concepts, and deployment in both enterprise and large service provider environments. The study further investigates how these protocols interoperate in heterogeneous, multi-protocol networks, emphasizing issues of integration, coexistence, and scalability. By analyzing their behavior under conditions such as load sharing, link failures, and IPv6 adoption, the paper highlights the strengths and limitations of each approach and how combining traditional routing protocols with MPLS can improve resilience, efficiency, and overall network performance.

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Cite This Work

@article{17918c20-ba75-4fdd-b24c-ed776be3893b,
  title={A Review of Efficient Routing Architectures Using OSPF, BGP, and MPLS  in Multi-Protocol Networks  },
  author={Yash Muni},
  year={2026},
  language={en}
}
TY  - JOUR
TI  - A Review of Efficient Routing Architectures Using OSPF, BGP, and MPLS  in Multi-Protocol Networks  
AU  - Yash Muni
PY  - 2026
LA  - en
ER  -

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