Mark Dennis Kensy, Ingor Baumann
Cr3C2-NiCr coatings are widely used to protect industrial components in harsh environments due to their exceptional wear resistance, high-temperature oxidation protection, and corrosion resistance. Such coatings are typically produced using the high-velocity oxygen fuel (HVOF) spraying process. However, internal coating applications pose challenges such as restricted surface access, limited experience with optimized process parameters and the difficulty of producing fine chromium carbides, which results in coarser particles compared to powders like WC-CoCr. This study investigates the application of a commercially available Cr3C2-NiCr powder using the ID-HVOF coating process. A Central Composite Design (CCD) within a Design of Experiments (DoE) framework was employed to analyze the effects of key process parameters—kerosene, hydrogen, oxygen, and the powder feed rate—on the coating performance. The results confirm that the validation test successfully produced a coating that matches the predicted parameters from the CCD. This study underscores the importance of statistical design in optimizing the ID-HVOF process, enabling improved mechanical properties and reliable coating quality for the internal surface protection using Cr3C2-NiCr powders.
@article{286267b1-4140-4fb7-ac7b-10b1155e9a75,
title={Optimization of Cr 3C2-NiCr Coatings using ID-HVOF: A Statistical Approach to Key Process Parameters},
author={Mark Dennis Kensy and Ingor Baumann},
year={2026},
language={en}
}TY - JOUR TI - Optimization of Cr 3C2-NiCr Coatings using ID-HVOF: A Statistical Approach to Key Process Parameters AU - Mark Dennis Kensy AU - Ingor Baumann PY - 2026 LA - en ER -
This paper addresses the challenge of assessing the feasibility of wind power plant projects at sites with insufficient or no local historic wind data
Roger Rumbu
This paper provides a detailed investigation into the role of hot gas circulation in metallurgical fluid bed roasters, aiming to enhance heat and mass
Important advances in electrochemical engineering technology over the last three decades have fostered the development of a lternative methods to alle
Increasing volumes of waste printed circuit boards from obsolete electronic equipment posed escalating environmental risks and resource losses due to