T. Berrama, N. Benaouag
The aim of this study is to investigate the simultaneous removal of zinc and copper from aqueous solutions by liquid–liquid extraction using a systematic statistical method. This study is conducted in two steps: firstly, preliminary extraction tests are performed to determine optimal operational conditions, including equilibrium time of 15 minutes and a pH range between 4.5 and 6.5. Secondly, a full factorial design at two levels is applied to analyze the effects of several parameters such as initial solution pH, initial concentrations of metals, concentration of extractant, and type of initial solution (sulphate or chloride) on the extraction efficiency for each heavy metal. A first-order polynomial equation is developed, and the analysis of variance (ANOVA) method is utilized to establish significant levels for main and interaction effects. It is revealed that the initial concentration of zinc is the most influential factor on extraction yield, while di-2-ethylhexyl phosphoric acid shows high efficacy in extracting copper(II). The coefficients of determination of the statistical models indicate strong correlations for zinc (R² = 0.908) and copper (R² = 0.814), with respective p-values validating the findings.
@article{30ef613d-2f84-4f78-8eee-8d6e9d4211b0,
title={Application of full factorial design to study the simulta 2013 Desalination },
author={T. Berrama and N. Benaouag},
year={2026},
language={en}
}TY - JOUR TI - Application of full factorial design to study the simulta 2013 Desalination AU - T. Berrama AU - N. Benaouag PY - 2026 LA - en ER -
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