Yuanmin Zou, Reima Herrala
Recycling of graphite from Li-batteries has attracted increased interest due to the substantial increase in global demand. In this work, leach residues of different battery recycling solutions were characterized as one potential secondary source for graphite. Sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, phosphoric acid, and sodium hydroxide were studied (2 M and 4 M concentrations, T = 60 °C, S/L = 100g/L, t = 3 h, V = 500 mL) to evaluate their impact on graphite purity and characteristics. Battery waste was industrial lithium nickel manganese cobalt oxide-rich (NMC) black mass. It was confirmed that the choice of lixiviant significantly influences the purity of the graphite and its characteristics, which is crucial for enhancing the economic feasibility of battery recycling processes. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of certain lixiviants in improving graphite quality, contributing to sustainable solutions in the circular economy for battery materials.
@article{46a0a6eb-425e-4038-9441-4c4621e1b5f6,
title={2026 Zou Lixiviant effects on graphite leach residues},
author={Yuanmin Zou and Reima Herrala},
year={2026},
language={en}
}TY - JOUR TI - 2026 Zou Lixiviant effects on graphite leach residues AU - Yuanmin Zou AU - Reima Herrala PY - 2026 LA - en ER -
The leachability tests for manufacturing scrap TV boards (STVB) have indicated the release of metals beyond the limit levels with potential problems f
Printed circuit boards (PCBs) from electronic gadgets at the end of their useful life period are currently being dumped in landfills or incinerated, c
Alain Vignes
Extractive metallurgy is a critical field that encompasses the processes involved in the extraction of valuable metals from their ores. This work serv