Modeling Solidification Microstructures of Steel Round Billets Obtained by Continuous Casting

The solidification processes of steel round billets produced by continuous casting (CC) are critical for ensuring product quality. This study aims to develop a numerical program that facilitates the assessment of the local solidification rate, thermal gradient, and solidification time, linking these parameters to the columnar to equiaxed transition (CET). By characterizing dendritic morphology and the CET transition in three round billets composed of low carbon steel, the research employed a computer modeling approach. Results indicate a successful characterization of the CET alongside the solidification parameters, leveraging a predictive model inspired by previous works in the field. The findings propose a simplified equation to predict the CET for the steel analyzed, leading to guidelines that optimize operational parameters in CC processes. This tool not only enhances the understanding of solidification phenomena but also aids in improving the quality and performance of steel products in industrial applications.