Haraldur Sigurdsson, Haraldur Audunsson
An experimental apparatus has been constructed to measure the relative permeability of water and steam in two-phase flow through porous rock across various flow configurations and conditions. This study aimed to determine the relative permeability as a function of water saturation in two-phase flow by making direct measurements of water saturation at different locations within the experimental setup. In this methodology, X-ray imaging equipment, specifically a moveable C-beam, was utilized to quantify the liquid fraction in steel pipes containing various materials. The experiments varied pipe diameter and wall thickness, revealing that useful X-ray images could not be obtained when wall thickness exceeded 8 mm, likely due to limited beam energy (maximum of 106 keV). X-ray penetration was effective when pipes were within a 100 mm diameter and 8 mm thickness range. A specific pipe with a diameter of 76 mm and a wall thickness of 4.5 mm was utilized, filled gradually with water while taking X-ray images at each interval. Analysis showed a gradual change in grayscale images corresponding to water addition, with a step wedge made of steel used for calibration of the grayscale. This experiment demonstrates that X-ray imaging, coupled with an absorption reference for comparison, can successfully quantify water saturation in steel pipes.
@article{53c2d95b-f692-4cf0-b69e-9747eaec2d2f,
title={Quantifying Water Saturation in Steel Pi},
author={Haraldur Sigurdsson and Haraldur Audunsson},
year={2026},
language={en}
}TY - JOUR TI - Quantifying Water Saturation in Steel Pi AU - Haraldur Sigurdsson AU - Haraldur Audunsson PY - 2026 LA - en ER -
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