Development of a methodology to characterize the reactive transport of organic contaminants in groundwater impacted by a Chemical Complex

The Estarreja Chemical Complex (CQE) in Northwest Portugal is situated near the Ria de Aveiro lagoon, an ecologically sensitive area classified as 'at risk' under the Water Framework Directive due to its vulnerability to contamination. This study aims to develop a methodology to characterize the reactive transport of organic contaminants in groundwater affected by the CQE. Through a combination of field studies and laboratory analyses, we assessed the geological and hydrogeological conditions that exacerbate contamination risks, including high sediment permeability and substantial groundwater recharge rates. Results indicate that the CQE’s surrounding area has faced significant contamination due to industrial discharge practices, which have allowed solid and liquid wastes to permeate the aquifer. Ongoing research highlights the complex interaction between various organic compounds, such as benzene, vinyl chloride, and chlorobenzene, and their transport through the groundwater system. Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for effective risk assessment and remediation efforts in vulnerable aquifer systems like the AQGWB. This research underscores the urgent need for targeted environmental management strategies to safeguard groundwater quality in impacted regions.