Transient Internal Flow Characterization

The production of clean steels in continuous casting processes is a significant challenge, primarily due to the superficial defects that initiate during the initial solidification stages near the meniscus. This study aims to explore the relationship between liquid steel level fluctuations and surface defect mechanisms by utilizing mathematical simulations and comprehensive experimental observations. Methodologically, numerical experiments have been conducted alongside physical water models to investigate the influence of the Submerged Entry Nozzle (SEN) on flow patterns within the continuous casting mold. The findings reveal that the jet flow exiting the SEN follows a complex spiral path, leading to a staircase-shaped flow pattern, contingent upon the application of Large Eddy Simulation (LES) models and the inclusion of a swirl component at the SEN outlet. Results indicate that insufficient turbulence at the outlet results in a straight jet, which correlates with reduced surface velocities. Thus, achieving an accurate depiction of the SEN outlet dynamics is fundamental in understanding and mitigating defect generation in cast steel. The study provides valuable insights into the significance of the SEN's flow characteristics in the continuous casting process.