Herman Irawan
Hospital construction projects in disaster-prone areas face heightened complexity due to strict functional requirements, advanced systems, and elevated environmental uncertainties. This study focuses on identifying and prioritizing construction-phase risks from the contractor’s perspective using a Probability–Impact Matrix (PIM) approach. The research was conducted as a qualitative case study on the CT Arsa Hospital project in Palu City, Central Sulawesi, Indonesia, a region with high seismic and environmental hazard exposure. Data were collected through structured and semi-structured questionnaires with experienced project managers, site engineers, and construction supervisors, followed by expert validation of identified risks. Semi-quantitative probability–impact assessments revealed that the most critical risks involve delays in material procurement, shortages of skilled labor, design changes during construction, extreme weather conditions, and site-related technical uncertainties. These risks fall predominantly into high and very high-risk categories, indicating substantial potential impacts on project schedule, cost, and safety performance. The findings demonstrate that the contractor-based PIM approach offers a practical and transparent framework for prioritizing construction risks under conditions of uncertainty and limited historical data.
@article{600d311d-73b9-4059-a5bf-1ca5a50d04ed,
title={Risk Identification and Prioritization in Hospital Construction Projects in Disaster-Prone Areas: A Contractor-Based Probability–Impact Matrix Approach },
author={Herman Irawan},
year={2026},
language={en}
}TY - JOUR TI - Risk Identification and Prioritization in Hospital Construction Projects in Disaster-Prone Areas: A Contractor-Based Probability–Impact Matrix Approach AU - Herman Irawan PY - 2026 LA - en ER -
Abdu GamboAbdu Gambo
Work place safety and health has become a global mechanism of response to various occupational hazards, injuries and diseases. Due to the neglect of b
Introduction Concerns over air pollution and the environmental problem of acid rain have made governments all over the world tighten their regulations
Roger Rumbu check
B.C. Tanda, E.A. Oraby, J.J. Eksteen
Glycine solutions in an alkaline environment have been shown to be able to leach copper from its oxide, native and sulfide minerals as a copper glycin
Huan Li, Elsayed Oraby, Jacques Eksteen
Waste printed circuit boards (WPCBs) are a complicated and valuable fraction of electric and electronic waste. The recycling of them is critical to av
Roger Rumbu