2026 Duong Energy Efficient ISAC Waveform Design

Integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) represents a breakthrough technology in advanced wireless networks, necessitating the development of transmit waveforms that ensure high communication quality while enabling reliable sensing within practical radio-frequency constraints. This study aims to address the ISAC waveform design challenge by proposing a technique that minimizes transmit power while meeting strict communication and sensing quality-of-service (QoS) requirements. We introduce a novel ambiguity-domain sensing signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (AF-SINR) as a key metric to balance the desired ambiguity-function mainlobe power against potential noise and sidelobe interference in specific delay-Doppler domains. Furthermore, the method incorporates user-oriented communication-SINR criteria and peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) constraints critical for real-world implementation. The inherent nonconvex nature of this energy minimization task, driven by complex QoS expressions and waveform-specific PAPR issues, is tackled via a fractional-programming successive-convex-approximation (FP-SCA) algorithm. Empirical simulations confirm the efficacy of this approach, demonstrating the proposed method's ability to fulfill all conditions while achieving localized suppression of ambiguities, reinforcing its viability for practical ISAC applications.