Development of New-Concept Clean Technologies to Extract Metals from Primary and Secondary Sources

This paper discusses the recent advancements in hydrometallurgical technologies developed by Técnicas Reunidas for the efficient extraction of metals from both primary and secondary sources, including low-grade ores, lead-acid batteries, and electronic waste. The primary objective is to establish clean and environmentally friendly extraction processes that not only yield valuable metals like zinc, lead, nickel, and silver but also generate value-added products and by-products. The methodology encompasses flexible processes tailored to various feed materials and market conditions, emphasizing adaptability for both small and large-scale operations. Results indicate that the newly developed processes are characterized by high efficiency and environmental sustainability, allowing for on-site installations closer to metal sources. The significance of these technologies lies in their contribution to resource management and waste reduction, thereby addressing pressing environmental concerns. Overall, this research highlights the potential of innovative hydrometallurgical routes in meeting modern industrial demands and improving the overall quality of life through sustainable practices.