Assessing the Role of Artificial Intelligence in Transforming Decision Making Across Modern Agricultural Systems.

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is revolutionizing agricultural decision-making by enabling data-driven, precise, and adaptive management across the entire value chain. This paper reviews how AI tools—including machine learning, deep learning, computer vision, and predictive analytics—are being applied in crop management, livestock monitoring, soil optimization, and supply chain logistics. It emphasizes the integration of AI with Internet of Things (IoT) sensors, drones, and satellite imaging to support precision agriculture and real-time, adaptive strategies. The review also evaluates ethical, infrastructural, and technical challenges in AI deployment, with particular attention to constraints in developing regions. Drawing on recent empirical studies and conceptual frameworks (2020–2025), it highlights AI’s potential to reduce uncertainty, enhance sustainability, and support climate-resilient agricultural practices. The paper concludes by pointing to future research needs in explainable AI, edge computing, and the democratization of agricultural intelligence systems to ensure inclusive and globally scalable solutions.