Comparison of Functionalities of Solar P

This paper presents a comparative simulation analysis of the performance of photovoltaic (PV) systems in two climatically distinct regions: Cardiff, Wales (United Kingdom) and Ilorin, Nigeria (West Africa). Using PV*SOL software, identical monocrystalline silicon (m-Si) modules were modeled to assess performance under differing environmental conditions. Key performance indicators including specific yield, performance ratio (PR), and solar fraction were evaluated. The research was carried out through both simulations and calculations. The results were then found to fall within agreeable limits, following thorough analysis. Results show that Cardiff, situated in a temperate climate, produced a stable annual specific yield of 846.8 kWh/kWp and a high PR of 86.7%, aided by moderate ambient temperatures and minimal soiling. In contrast, Ilorin, located in a tropical savanna, yielded 1102.3 kWh/kWp due to higher solar irradiance but experienced a lower PR of 65% caused by high module temperatures and soiling losses. Seasonal variations also highlighted the advantages of stable temperate climates for PV efficiency versus the high yield but challenging conditions in tropical zones. This study demonstrates the importance of site-specific adaptation in PV system planning. It concludes that while tropical climates offer higher potential yields, cooling strategies and regular maintenance are essential to sustain performance. Meanwhile, temperate regions ensure more consistent and efficient operation. The findings provide guidance for policymakers, engineers, and investors in selecting PV technology suitable to regional climatic realities.