2014 document Electromagnetism and the Arc Efficiency of Electric Arc Steel Melting Furnaces jemaa.2014.67018

This paper analytically studies the effect of electromagnetic blowing and slag height on the arc efficiency of electric arc steel melting furnaces (EAFs). It examines the interactions between the arc and furnace structure, demonstrating that when an arc is blown from under the electrode toward the walls of the furnace under the influence of electromagnetic forces, the effective output absorbed by the metal decreases while radiation increases on the walls and roof. To enhance efficiency, it proposes a design where arcs are powered independently, eliminating electromagnetic blowing. This modification results in a significant increase in arc efficiency and a reduction in specific energy consumption in the melting process. The findings are relevant as over 40% of global steel production occurs in EAFs, highlighting the importance of optimizing energy use in these systems. The experiments and calculations presented substantiate the claim that improved design can lead to both performance and economic benefits in electric steel melting furnaces.