The study addresses Nigeria’s critical energy shortfalls by developing and implementing a dual-axis solar tracking charging system to improve photovoltaic performance. It reviews solar tracking concepts and classifications, including passive versus active trackers and single- versus dual-axis configurations, emphasizing systems that keep panels perpendicular to incident sunlight. The designed system uses light-dependent resistors (LDRs) and a microcontroller to automatically adjust panel orientation and minimize operator intervention. Experimental results show that the average output voltage without tracking is 9.27 V, while the dual-axis tracking system achieves 12 V, an increase of 2.73 V. This corresponds to a 22.7% performance improvement with tracking, demonstrating the effectiveness of the proposed system in enhancing solar energy harvesting and charging capability.
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title={eversvd,+13 (8)},
author={Unknown},
year={2026},
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