Electrochemistry behind Electrocoagulation using Iron Electrodes

Electrocoagulation (EC) is an established electrochemical technology for water and wastewater treatment, recognized for its effectiveness in removing various contaminants, including metals, organic compounds, and suspended solids. Despite the preeminence of iron electrodes due to their cost-effectiveness and durability, the electrochemical mechanisms governing EC with iron electrodes have remained inadequately explored. This study aims to deepen the understanding of the electrochemical reactions that occur during EC processes utilizing iron electrodes. A comprehensive review of the concept of green rust (GR) and its relevance to existing theories of EC is presented. The methodology incorporates experimental measurements of pH taken from multiple zones adjacent to iron electrodes throughout the EC process. The results reveal intricate mechanisms and reactions at both the anode and cathode, further elucidating the phenomena associated with EC. The findings are consistent with established solubility and Pourbaix diagrams, offering a clearer perspective on the electrochemical interactions involved. This research ultimately contributes valuable insights to the field of electrocoagulation and highlights the potential for optimizing industrial applications of this technology.