Jesus Gonzalez-Trejo, Cesar A. Real-Ramirez
In vertical continuous casting machines, the liquid steel from the tundish is poured into the mold through the Submerged Entry Nozzle (SEN). The shape and direction of the SEN exit jets affect the liquid steel dynamics inside the mold. This work quantifies the effect of the SEN pool on the principal characteristics of the jets emerging from it, specifically, the shape, the spread angles, and the mold impact point. Experimental and numerical simulations were carried out using a SEN simplified model, a square-shaped bore nozzle with square-shaped outlet ports whose length is minimal. These experiments showed two well-defined behaviors. When a single vortex dominates the hydrodynamics inside the simplified SEN, the exit jets spread out.
@article{81497f65-08d1-45e5-9b86-3cd51843f00c,
title={Influence of the Submerged Entry Nozzle},
author={Jesus Gonzalez-Trejo and Cesar A. Real-Ramirez},
year={2026},
language={en}
}TY - JOUR TI - Influence of the Submerged Entry Nozzle AU - Jesus Gonzalez-Trejo AU - Cesar A. Real-Ramirez PY - 2026 LA - en ER -
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