Metal Removal from Effluents by Electrow

In recent years, there has been an increased interest in finding innovative solutions for efficient metal removal from effluents, particularly through the use of electrowinning technology. The primary objective of this study is to critically review various concepts designed to enhance mass transport to the electrode surface in electrochemical cells operating with low concentration effluents. A comprehensive methodology was adopted, which includes a thorough literature survey and the comparison of different cell types, addressing advantages and disadvantages. The analysis pays special attention to effluents unsuitable for treatment by the electrowinning method. Additionally, the emerging technology of ptertraction is explored as a potential method for separating and concentrating heavy metal ions from dilute solutions, which could be integrated with electrowinning to improve heavy metal removal efficiency. The proposed process is shown to offer several advantages over existing wastewater treatment technologies, providing a promising approach to mitigating heavy metal pollution in the environment.