Powering battery sustainability: a review of the recent progress and evolving challenges in recycling lithium-ion batteries

The global consumption of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) has surged, presenting significant sustainability challenges related to their recycling and disposal. This review aims to synthesize recent progress in recycling technologies and to address the evolving challenges associated with lithium-ion battery waste. A comprehensive analysis of current recycling methods is conducted, highlighting advancements in technology and the varying efficiencies of different processes. Additionally, the review discusses the implications of resource recovery from spent LIBs, emphasizing the importance of developing sustainable practices to minimize environmental impact. Results indicate that while innovative recycling techniques are emerging, numerous obstacles still hinder the widespread adoption of efficient recycling strategies. The findings underscore the urgent need for collaborative efforts among researchers, industry stakeholders, and policymakers to improve recycling infrastructures and to promote sustainable solutions in the life cycle of lithium-ion batteries. Period.