Influence on emissions and performance o

This study investigates the impact of graphene nanoparticles blended with Karanja biodiesel on the emissions and performance of a compression ignition (CI) engine. The objective was to assess how the inclusion of nanoparticles would enhance the catalytic reactions during the combustion process, owing to their high surface-to-volume ratio and improved mass transfer properties. The methodology involved experimental tests using blends of Karanja methyl ester with varying concentrations of graphene nanoparticles, prepared by ultrasonication. The tested samples included B20 (20% Karanja biodiesel and 80% diesel), along with B20G25, B20G50, and B20G75, representing the addition of 25mg/L, 50mg/L, and 75mg/L of graphene nanoparticles respectively. Results indicated that the performance and emissions of the graphene blends were comparable to conventional diesel fuel, with B20G75 demonstrating significant reductions in emissions of carbon monoxide (CO), hydrocarbons (HC), and nitrogen oxides (NOx) at higher engine loads. This study underscores the potential of using graphene nanoparticles in biodiesel fuels to enhance engine performance while minimizing harmful emissions.