Synthesis and growth strategies of 2D materials for quantum sen 2026 Next Ma

In the past decade, two dimensional (2D) materials have attracted significant scientific interest due to their exceptional physicochemical, electronic, and optical properties. Materials such as graphene, transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN), transition metal oxides (TMOs), and black phosphorus exhibit remarkable sensitivity to minute external perturbations, making them highly promising for quantum sensing applications. This review focuses on the synthesis and growth strategies of 2D materials, highlighting recent progress in both top down and bottom up approaches, including Exfoliation, Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD), Pulsed Laser Deposition (PLD), Atomic Layer Deposition (ALD) and Molecular Beam Epitaxy (MBE). A critical comparison of these techniques is presented to identify optimal growth routes for achieving high quality materials with controlled thickness, crystallinity, and defect density. Furthermore, the fundamental principles of quantum sensing are discussed, with particular emphasis on defect engineered quantum states and their role in enhancing sensing performance. The integration of 2D materials into next generation quantum technologies and their emerging applications are also examined. Finally, this review outlines the key challenges associated with scalable synthesis, defect control, and material stability, and provides future perspectives on the development of advanced quantum sensing platforms, including the potential role of artificial intelligence in guiding material design and growth optimization.