2026 Wang Voltage Ride Through Data Centers

Data centers are increasingly critical loads on the power grid, necessitating robust mechanisms to handle voltage disturbances that occur during grid faults. This paper addresses the need for voltage ride-through (VRT) controllers, which comply with standardized grid codes intended to ensure data centers remain operational during such disturbances. We introduce SolVRT, a synthesis system that utilizes formal methods to generate controllers compliant with VRT requirements. The proposed approach employs a specification language based on Signal Temporal Logic (STL) for formal reasoning about grid codes. Our algorithm converts these specifications into a controller synthesis problem, enabling the creation of controllers that are correct-by-construction if a solution exists. In cases where compliance is unattainable, SolVRT identifies the issues at the conflict frontier and suggests minimal adjustments to hardware or workload needed to achieve compliance. Evaluation through closed-loop simulations of a 200 MW data center interconnected with a 140-bus transmission system confirms that SolVRT can synthesize compliant controllers, prove infeasibility, and recommend targeted changes to ensure compliance. This work significantly contributes to enhancing grid stability amidst the growing demand from data centers.