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A review of the physical properties of b

A.W. Sundström, J.J. Eksteen

2026enpyrometallurgymatte propertiesviscositydensityelectrical conductivity

Abstract

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This paper reviews the development and suitability of various important thermophysical and electrical properties with respect to base metal mattes, focusing specifically on viscosity, density, surface and interfacial tension, and electrical conductivity. The objective is to critically validate measurement methodologies and enhance understanding for pyrometallurgical processes involved in the extraction of copper, nickel, cobalt, and platinum group metals. A comprehensive examination of experimental methods used in determining these properties is provided, along with a comparison of results from various authors in the field. The findings draw attention to the scarcity of reliable data, which complicates the accurate modeling of processes such as smelting and converting operations. Notably, the paper identifies significant variations in the physical properties of molten mattes, which are essential in process modeling and computational fluid dynamic modeling. The insights derived from this review are intended to guide the selection and application of appropriate matte properties in various metallurgical contexts.

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Cite This Work

@article{a937fc2c-950d-4759-88e2-069e85eb67de,
  title={A review of the physical properties of b},
  author={A.W. Sundström and J.J. Eksteen},
  year={2026},
  language={en}
}
TY  - JOUR
TI  - A review of the physical properties of b
AU  - A.W. Sundström
AU  - J.J. Eksteen
PY  - 2026
LA  - en
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