2026 Ahamed Fast Charging Core Temperature Safety

Fast charging of Lithium-ion batteries can lead to a significant temperature rise, which poses serious risks to battery safety and lifetime. To ensure safe battery operation, thermal constraints must be enforced during the fast charging process. However, directly measuring the core temperature of the battery is challenging, complicating real-time safety enforcement. This paper proposes a framework that integrates core temperature estimates from a Kolmogorov-Arnold Network within robust control barrier function (KAN-rCBF) constraints for fast-charging applications. The methodology leverages measurements from the battery's surface temperature, coolant temperature, coolant power, and charging current to solve a quadratic programming problem under defined safety constraints. The analytical safety guarantees for the optimal charging policy are provided, addressing KAN estimation errors and model uncertainties. Simulation results indicate that the proposed approach effectively maintains a safe battery temperature while achieving charging times comparable to existing state-of-the-art methods, which fail to ensure the same level of thermal safety. Therefore, this study highlights the potential of advanced estimation and control strategies in enhancing the safety of fast-charging lithium-ion battery systems.