L. Cifuentes, E. Astete
It is known that lead anodes used in the industrial extraction of copper by electrolysis (electrowinning) suffer corrosion due to current interruptions. This study aims to enhance understanding of the corrosion and protection mechanisms of lead anodes by analyzing the effects of various solute concentrations, including copper, sulphuric acid, cobalt, iron, manganese, chloride, and an organic additive (guar), on lead corrosion. The methodology employs weight loss tests and surface analysis techniques such as X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and wavelength dispersive spectroscopy. Results indicate that the corrosion rate of lead during current interruptions increases with the concentration of sulphuric acid and copper, while cobalt, iron, and chloride reduce the corrosion rate. Notably, manganese does not decrease corrosion and precipitates on the lead anode surface under the tested conditions. A method for establishing the optimum anode protection current density during current interruptions is proposed, highlighting three ranges of current densities. The 'high' protection range corresponds to the increased compactness of the PbO2 layer at current densities exceeding 60 A m−2.
@article{b45069c8-ab81-4697-9a0c-201a76633ffe,
title={Corrosion and protection of lead anodes},
author={L. Cifuentes and E. Astete},
year={2026},
language={en}
}TY - JOUR TI - Corrosion and protection of lead anodes AU - L. Cifuentes AU - E. Astete PY - 2026 LA - en ER -
This paper addresses the challenge of assessing the feasibility of wind power plant projects at sites with insufficient or no local historic wind data
Important advances in electrochemical engineering technology over the last three decades have fostered the development of a lternative methods to alle
Increasing volumes of waste printed circuit boards from obsolete electronic equipment posed escalating environmental risks and resource losses due to
The leachability tests for manufacturing scrap TV boards (STVB) have indicated the release of metals beyond the limit levels with potential problems f