Liangyu Zhang, Fengsheng Qi
Slag splashing protection is the dominant technology for extending refractory lining service life and enhancing production efficiency in basic oxygen furnace (BOF) steelmaking. However, the intrinsic mechanism of gas-slag-steel multiphase coupled splashing remains poorly understood, and existing numerical methods suffer from prohibitive computational costs and inaccurate characterization of interfacial momentum transfer and multiphase interactions. This study establishes a fully coupled three-dimensional numerical model integrating Volume of Fluid (VOF)–Discrete Particle Method (DPM) bidirectional phase transition, adaptive mesh refinement (AMR), and Eulerian Wall Film Model (EWFM). The multiphase flow simulation in this study adopts constant thermophysical parameters of molten steel and slag at the industrial splashing temperature of 1650 °C. Taking the Blowing Number (NB) as the core similarity criterion, a 1:10 scaled geometric model of a 50-ton industrial BOF is employed to systematically investigate the regulatory effects of top-blowing flow rate, lance height, and NB on droplet splashing behavior and wall liquid film evolution. The model is validated against mercury-glycerol cold model experimental data.
@article{b80a0ccf-a431-4cda-b4e1-9253c0352ea5,
title={metals 16 00849 with cover},
author={Liangyu Zhang and Fengsheng Qi},
year={2026},
language={en}
}TY - JOUR TI - metals 16 00849 with cover AU - Liangyu Zhang AU - Fengsheng Qi PY - 2026 LA - en ER -
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