Mineralogical characterization of selected South African mine tailings for the purpose of Mineral Carbonation

This study explores a combined solution to the atmospheric CO2 gas build-up and the challenges posed by acid mine drainage (AMD) in South Africa, specifically examining the Nkomati and O’okiep mines due to their high sulphide content. The research assesses mineral tailings from various South African mines, which are comprised of silicates, oxides, and sulphides that may provide innovative recycling opportunities to mitigate their environmental impact. Notably, the study suggests potential mineral recovery from historic dam sites in the platinum and nickel sectors. Given South Africa's status as a leading producer of platinum group elements (PGE), the prevalence of mine waste is significant compared to other mining sectors, leading to numerous sampling sites across the nation. The incorporation of tailings into building materials, road aggregates, agricultural applications, landfills, and manufactured fillers has been proposed, alongside addressing the technical viability and cost-effectiveness issues associated with these alternatives. The findings aim to create a pathway for addressing the fate of mine tailings while contributing to CO2 sequestration efforts through enhanced reactivity of tailings during carbonation processes.