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01 NbHfWTi SPS Fracture Toughness

JORDAN CONTRERAS, K.S. RAVI CHANDRAN

2026enniobium alloysspark plasma sinteringrefractory metalsfracture toughnesshigh temperaturemicrostructure

Abstract

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This study focuses on processing and structure–property correlations in a set of new niobium (Nb) alloys made by spark plasma sintering (SPS). The objective was to investigate the SPS processing of Nb-5.4Hf-xW-2Ti (at. pct) alloys with varying levels (0–10 at. pct W) and oxygen (300–1200 wt ppm) to evaluate the effects of composition and microstructure on fracture toughness. Fracture toughness testing revealed that a maximum fracture toughness (KQ ~ 30 MPa /C214 m) occurs at 5 at. pct W. Surprisingly, alloys with relatively high-oxygen content exhibited higher fracture toughness compared to low-oxygen alloys. The results indicate that fracture toughness is controlled by ductile fractures localized near grain boundary regions due to HfO2 precipitate-free zones, while grain interiors fracture by cleavage. The study outlines the effects of W level, oxygen, and microstructure on fracture toughness along with the fracture micro-mechanisms. The strengthening and fracture toughness behavior of these alloys has been correlated with their composition and microstructure, and through strength and fracture toughness models.

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Cite This Work

@article{bb3f68ad-0d5b-4a07-a961-7980b3a87754,
  title={01 NbHfWTi SPS Fracture Toughness},
  author={JORDAN CONTRERAS and K.S. RAVI CHANDRAN},
  year={2026},
  language={en}
}
TY  - JOUR
TI  - 01 NbHfWTi SPS Fracture Toughness
AU  - JORDAN CONTRERAS
AU  - K.S. RAVI CHANDRAN
PY  - 2026
LA  - en
ER  -

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