Yerlan Zhumagaliyev, Yerbol Shabanov
The depletion of high-grade manganese ore reserves, accompanied by the progressive decline in ore quality, has intensified concerns regarding the supply of suitable manganese raw materials for Kazakhstan’s ferroalloy industry. Under these conditions, the development of efficient processing technologies for iron manganese ores characterized by low Mn/Fe ratios and complex mineralogical compositions has become increasingly important. This review examines current pyrometallurgical approaches for the processing of iron manganese ores, including carbothermic reduction roasting followed by magnetic separation, reduction smelting for the production of rich manganese slag, and hydrogen-based selective reduction followed by magnetic separation. Particular attention is given to the mineralogical and chemical characteristics of Kazakhstan’s iron manganese ores, which significantly limit their direct utilization in conventional ferromanganese production processes. The advantages and limitations of these technologies are critically evaluated in terms of metal recovery, Mn/Fe upgrading.
@article{ccbe4f86-1eec-4276-b456-cc275f6dde99,
title={Pyrometallurgical Processing of Iron Manganese Ores: A Review with Emphasis on Kazakhstan’s Mineral Resources and Technological Prospects},
author={Yerlan Zhumagaliyev and Yerbol Shabanov},
year={2026},
language={en}
}TY - JOUR TI - Pyrometallurgical Processing of Iron Manganese Ores: A Review with Emphasis on Kazakhstan’s Mineral Resources and Technological Prospects AU - Yerlan Zhumagaliyev AU - Yerbol Shabanov PY - 2026 LA - en ER -
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