Electrorefining of tin in pure acid solutions by mechanically controlled cathode deposition and solar power utilization

The electrorefining of tin from waste materials in acid electrolytes presents an economically viable method of producing high purity tin. This study aims to develop a mechanically controlled cathode deposition system that utilizes solar energy to enhance the efficiency and stability of the electrorefining process. Through a series of long-term electrolysis experiments, the authors implemented a cathodic compression mechanism to manage the lumen structure of metal deposits and to prevent excessive dendritic growth. The methodology involved integrating a photovoltaic power supply, which facilitated an independent and sustainable energy source for the refining process. Results demonstrated that the application of the proposed electromechanical system led to stabilization of the electrolytic cell operation and yielded tin products with a purity of nearly 99.99%. The findings suggest that utilizing solar power in electrorefining not only improves the quality of the output but also presents a cost-effective approach to metal recovery, potentially applicable to smaller-scale operations. The study contributes to advancements in sustainable materials processing and highlights the role of solar energy in enhancing electrochemical processes.