R.K. Nadirov, M.D. Turan
Copper smelter slag can be considered as an important source for use in copper hydrometallurgy. This study aimed to investigate the ammonia leaching process for efficiently recovering copper from slagt of the Balkhash smelter, containing 1.26 wt.% Cu. Several experimental factors were examined, including leaching duration, reagent concentration, temperature, stirring rate, and solid-to-liquid ratio, to assess their effects on copper extraction. Results indicated that copper extraction improved with increasing temperature (ranging from 298 to 333 K), pulp density (up to 10 pct), and stirring rate (up to 800 rpm). Notably, the concentration of NH4OH showed minimal impact on copper recovery within the 1-4 M range. Optimal conditions for copper leaching yielded a 65% recovery in ammonia solution when utilizing 1M NH4OH at 333 K, 10 pct solid-to-liquid ratio, particle size 90% < 200 mesh, a stirring rate of 800 rpm, and a duration of 180 minutes. The process was modeled using the shrinking core model with mixture kinetics, with the activation energy and pre-exponential factor calculated as 16.2 ± 0.7 kJ/mol and 0.138 ± 0.001 min-1, respectively. These findings suggest the overall leaching rate is primarily controlled by mass transfer processes.
@article{d4cfc902-23ae-46a6-87f8-db44269aed07,
title={Copper ammonia leaching from smelter sla},
author={R.K. Nadirov and M.D. Turan},
year={2026},
language={en}
}TY - JOUR TI - Copper ammonia leaching from smelter sla AU - R.K. Nadirov AU - M.D. Turan PY - 2026 LA - en ER -
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