Nallely Guadalupe Picazo-Rodríguez, Marleth Roxana Garza Román
Cobalt has emerged as a strategic critical metal due to its essential role in rechargeable batteries, high-performance alloys, catalysts, and clean energy technologies. However, its supply chain remains heavily dependent on cobalt produced as a by-product of copper and nickel mining and is geographically concentrated, particularly in the Democratic Republic of Congo. This review provides a comprehensive assessment of cobalt geology, mineralogy, global reserves, market trends, primary extraction routes, and emerging secondary recovery strategies. Unlike previous reviews that address these topics separately, this work integrates geological occurrence, mineralogical characteristics, extraction technologies, and resource circularity within a unified framework aimed at evaluating future cobalt supply resilience.
@article{d9197718-abda-47c1-9dcb-b1d8dbc16985,
title={Cobalt Processing Recycling Review},
author={Nallely Guadalupe Picazo-Rodríguez and Marleth Roxana Garza Román},
year={2026},
language={en}
}TY - JOUR TI - Cobalt Processing Recycling Review AU - Nallely Guadalupe Picazo-Rodríguez AU - Marleth Roxana Garza Román PY - 2026 LA - en ER -
Copper solvent extraction units at large hydrometallurgical plants face constraints in metal recovery, phase disengagement, and reagent consumption, d
Printed circuit boards (PCBs) from electronic gadgets at the end of their useful life period are currently being dumped in landfills or incinerated, c
The leachability tests for manufacturing scrap TV boards (STVB) have indicated the release of metals beyond the limit levels with potential problems f
Santhana Krishnan, Nor Syahidah Zulkapli
Fast industrialization has increased the demand for heavy metals, while high-grade ore natural reserves are diminishing. Therefore, alternative source