Directions of development of research methods in the assessment of leaching of heavy metals from mineral waste

There are many test methods to assess the level of the release of heavy metals into the environment from mineral waste materials. Leaching methods can differ depending on the leaching time periods, leaching dynamics, sample preparation method, or the pH of the elution medium. In Poland, little attention is paid to the research on the relationship between the leaching of particular heavy metals from mineral wastes and changes in environmental conditions, including the pH of the environment. Tests conducted abroad have started to pay great attention to the pH-dependent impact of the environment and the liquid being in contact with the material on the degree of leaching contaminants from wastes. The solubility of all metals depends on the value of the pH. Authors of the paper will try to prove that Polish methods of waste characterization are incomplete and inconsistent with opinions prevailing in the global literature. The procedures described in the Polish standards are insufficient to determine the actual level of leaching of heavy metals regarding the impact of multiple external conditions on the level of leaching. This paper presents directions of development of research methods in the assessment of leaching of heavy metals from mineral waste.