Mojtaba Fallah Fini, Gervais Soucy
A concise literature review is performed on the industrial and laboratory investigations of sludge formation in the Hall Héroult Process. The formation of sludge and its transformation into resistive cathodic deposits has been a primary concern for aluminum producers. With the surge in aluminum production, especially from China, major producers are intensifying efforts towards sludge minimization and understanding the phenomena leading to such deposits. This review introduces the sludge formation phenomenon and its detrimental effects in the Hall Héroult process. It further discusses the thermochemistry of sludge in detail. Additionally, it reviews four critical factors influencing sludge formation: hydrodynamics, operational temperature (specifically superheat level), alumina feeding, and bath chemistry. This comprehensive overview highlights the need for further investigation and improvement in the production process to mitigate sludge-related issues.
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author={Mojtaba Fallah Fini and Gervais Soucy},
year={2017},
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