Analysis of trace metals

This study examines the determination of trace metals in air using atomic absorption spectroscopic methods. The objective is to evaluate two fundamentally different approaches for measuring air pollutants. The first method involves continuously drawing air samples through incandescent carbon granules and a quartz absorption tube in an atomic absorption spectrometer, which reduces metal species to free metal atoms. This technique allows for the assessment of total metal concentration and its molecular forms, although it has limitations such as sensitivity issues for non-volatile metals. The second approach utilizes a graphite furnace atomizer, where air filters are analyzed after capturing metals, and the collected metals are atomized with high electrical current. This discrete sampling method is more widely applied and is highlighted as the focus of the paper. Despite its advantages, this approach also faces challenges, such as the need for on-site analysis and constraints in detecting certain metals at ambient levels. The paper aims to present a comprehensive overview of these methods, contributing to the understanding of trace metal pollution in the environment.