Signatures of fractional statistics in noise experiments in quantum Hall fluids

The elementary excitations of fractional quantum Hall (FQH) fluids are vortices with fractional statistics, yet this crucial prediction has posed considerable experimental challenges. This study aims to explore the cross current noise in a three-terminal tunneling experiment involving a two-dimensional electron gas in the FQH regime, to authenticate the statistical angle of these topological quantum fluid excitations. The methodology includes measuring the noise characteristics to identify signatures of exclusion statistics and fractional charge in the vortices of different Laughlin states. Our findings demonstrate that the observed noise is indicative of distinct effects: a “bunching” effect in Laughlin states, and an “anti-bunching” effect for higher states in the Jain sequences. These results contribute significantly to the understanding of statistical classifications of fundamental particles, highlighting the potential existence of anyons—particles that possess intermediate statistics between bosons and fermions—in two-dimensional systems. This experimental advancement opens pathways to further investigate the implications of such exotic statistics in quantum mechanics.