THE INSTABILITY OF THIOCYANIC ACID IN ION EXCHANGE AND SOLVENT EXTRACTION OF METALS: A LITERATURE REVIEW

This literature review investigates the challenges associated with the instability of thiocyanic acid in ion exchange and solvent extraction processes for metal separations, a critical concern in both analytical chemistry and industrial applications. The objective of this study is to compile and interpret existing literature regarding the physical properties and chemical reactions of thiocyanic acid in order to better understand the technical and environmental issues that arise from its use, particularly concerning excessive thiocyanate consumption. Given the adverse effects of thiocyanic acid's instability in acidic aqueous and organic media, the review highlights the importance of managing process conditions effectively. Key findings suggest that to optimize separation processes, it is advisable to maintain low levels of temperature, thiocyanic acid concentration, and overall acidity. This thorough examination provides insights into the chemistry of thiocyanic acid and equips practitioners with strategies to mitigate problems linked to its instability in separation processes.