Formation and application of porous sili

This paper reviews the various manifestations of pores in silicon, with a particular emphasis on macropores and their potential applications. The objective is to provide a comprehensive classification of these pores and to discuss applications separately for macroporous, mesoporous, and microporous silicon. The methodology includes a detailed examination of pore formation models and a stochastic model of silicon electrochemistry which helps in guiding experimental design for specific pore formation. Results indicate that despite earlier studies focused on microporous silicon, there remain unexplored opportunities within mesoporous and macroporous silicon, revealing new types of pores with unique features valuable for various applications. The discussions also highlight the significance of the Si-electrolyte contact, which has implications beyond mere pore formation, potentially affecting interface characteristics and solar cell behavior. This comprehensive overview aims to stimulate further exploration in the field of porous silicon for both scientific and technological advancements.