Green Solvents in Organic Synthesis: An Overview

Research concerning green solvents is focused on reducing environmental damages due to the use of toxic solvents in organic chemistry. Hence, many solvent-free processes and more efficient recycling protocols have been developed in recent decades. However, these approaches have limitations. Therefore, the authors review various environmentally benign solvent alternatives to traditional organic solvents. The report underscores the utility of water, fluorous solvents, ionic liquids, organic carbonates, supercritical carbon dioxide, and biosolvents. These alternatives are proposed to reduce the environmental impact of organic synthesis and promote sustainability in chemical processes.