Research Topic

Copper

Browse 60 curated documents about copper in The Archive — the 2RA-Edition digital library for engineering and scientific research. This collection of books, journal articles, theses, reports, and technical documents on copper spans extractive metallurgy, mining engineering, chemistry, and applied science. Every document is searchable in full text; sign in to read, download, ask AI questions about any document, or generate cited research drafts with the AI Researcher.

Recovery of valuable metals from copper slag

Changda Zhang, Bin Hu

The copper smelting process produces plenty of copper slag every year, which is a hazardous solid waste but also a secondary resource. In the present study, the extraction of copper, nickel, and cobalt from copper slag was investigated through the processes of sulfation roasting–water leaching and sulfation roasting –sulfate decomposition roasting–water leaching, respectively. Compared with the su

2020enPDF

Sustainable Copper Production Based on Fluid-Bed Roasting Technology

M. Wrobel, J. Hammerschmidt

Fluid-bed technology plays a crucial role in the pyrometallurgical processing of various ores and concentrates. This paper discusses the extensive research and development by Metso Outotec over the past 50 years to broaden the applicability of fluid-bed technology in copper production. Specifically, it highlights processing routes that include partial, sulfate-producing, and dead roasting, with a

2023enPDF

Roasting kinetics of high-arsenic copper concentrates: a review

I. Wilkomirsky, R. Parra

The roasting process of copper concentrates containing variable quantities of arsenic in a fluidized bed regime was analyzed, considering the technical literature published on the topic in the last quarter century. Although emphasis has been given to the analysis in the fluidized bed regime, other processes have also been considered, under a reducing, neutral or oxidizing atmosphere. The kinetic m

2012esPDF

Use of Ion Exchange to Increase Value in Copper–Cobalt Operations

J. van Deventer

Ion exchange is an essential technique in hydrometallurgical operations for recovering and purifying valuable metals, particularly in the copper-cobalt sector. This study examines the applications of ion exchange, specifically focusing on chelating and solvent-impregnated resins, to achieve improved metal purity and economic efficiency. Through the selective removal of impurities from cobalt-rich

2023enPDF

Synthesis of copper and copper(I) oxide nanoparticles by thermal decomposition of a new precursor

Masoud Salavati-Niasari, Fatemeh Davar

The present investigation reports the novel synthesis of nanoparticles Cu and Cu2O using thermal decomposition and its physicochemical characterization. The nanoparticles copper powder have been prepared using [Bis(salicylidiminato)copper(II)], [Cu(sal)2], as precursor. Cu nanoparticles are initially formed and subsequently oxidized to form Cu2O. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis dem

2008enPDF

Leaching of copper oxide with different acid solutions

N. Habbache, N. Alane

In this study, the dissolution of CuO in HCl, H2SO4, HNO3 and citric acid solutions was investigated in a batch reactor employing parameters expected to affect the dissolution rate of copper such as stirring speed, temperature and acid concentration. It was found that 99.95% of copper was dissolved after 14 min with inorganic acids at 0.5 M, 25◦ C and l/s = 10 ml/g while more drastic operation con

2009enPDF

Extraction of copper from complex carbonaceous sulfide ore by direct high-pressure leaching

Labone L. Godirilwe, Refilwe S. Magwaneng

The increase of impurities and complexity of copper ores are among the recent challenges in the mining industry. Complex carbonaceous sulfide ores are extremely difficult to treat due to their mineralogical complexity and impurities of organic carbon and carbonates. This study focuses on the development of a hydrometallurgical process for efficient copper extraction from complex carbonaceous sulfi

2021enPDF

Copper Recovery from Silicate-Containing Low-Grade Copper Ore Using Flotation Followed by High-Pressure Oxidative Leaching

Baisui HAN, Batnasan ALTANSUKH

In this paper, we present the results for recovery of copper from silicate-containing low-grade copper ore using flotation followed by atmospheric and high-pressure oxidative leaching. The objective of this study is to address the challenges associated with low-grade copper ores, particularly focusing on the recovery of copper while managing the increasing impurities present in the ores. The metho

2017enPDF

SCORODITE IN THE CESL PROCESS FOR COPPER-ARSENIC CONCENTRATES

K. Mayhew, H. Salomon-De-Friedberg

The increasing proportion of arsenic-bearing copper concentrates in the supply to the copper industry presents significant challenges for miners and smelters, as existing blending strategies to reduce average arsenic levels are becoming unsustainable. This study evaluates the CESL Cu-As Technology as a viable alternative to traditional smelting processes, which has benefits including simultaneous

2011enPDF

UNLOCKING VALUE IN COPPER ARSENIC SULPHIDE RESOURCES WITH THE COPPER–ARSENIC CESL TECHNOLOGY

Robert Bruce, Keith Mayhew

The growing demand for copper amid supply constraints necessitates innovative approaches to process challenging arsenic-rich deposits. This paper presents the collaborative efforts of Aurubis and Teck in developing the CESL Process, a technology aimed at economically and responsibly processing arsenic-bearing copper concentrates. Bench and pilot scale testing was conducted on four different concen

2010enPDF

Leaching Practices at Mantos Blancos

G. Tapia, R.J. Kelley

Empresa Minera de Mantos Blancos S.A. operates two copper mines in Chile: Mantos Blancos and Mantoverde. This study aims to define the leach processes suitable for each ore type by conducting extensive metallurgical testwork during the feasibility study of both projects. The methodology involved the selection of a combination of heap and dump leaching for Mantoverde, while a modified vat leach ope

1995enPDF

Leaching of Mixed Oxide/Sulfide Copper Ores and the Shrinking Core Model

R. J. Roman

The results of column leaching tests on three different mixed oxide/sulfide ores from a Chilean deposit are presented. The samples included varying ratios of oxide copper minerals to chalcocite and chalcopyrite. The findings from the column leach tests are analyzed through the lens of the shrinking core model for coarse particle leaching. Both copper recoveries from the oxide and sulfide minerals

1993enPDF

Leach Optimisation tests to increase the leaching efficiencies and recoveries of Copper and Cobalt from an oxide/sulphide concentrate

Seshree Krishna, Edgar Kapakyulu

This report presents the results of leach optimisation tests conducted by Mintek for Kamoto Operating Limited, aimed at improving the leaching efficiencies and recoveries of copper and cobalt from an oxide/sulphide concentrate. The objective was to address the low leaching efficiencies currently experienced by the plant, which adversely affects recovery rates of these valuable metals. Methodology

2009enPDF

HYDROCOPPER® FOR TREATING VARIABLE COPPER CONCENTRATES

L. Haavanlammi, K. Hietala

The Outokumpu HydroCopper® process is a chloride based atmospheric leaching process alternative that can treat a variety of different concentrates. Chalcopyrite and other copper sulfides can effectively be leached under atmospheric pressure in strong, aggressive chloride solution using copper (II) ions as oxidant. Impurities are removed from the solution as carbonates and ion exchange. Copper is p

2007enPDF

HYDROCOPPERTM- ECONOMICAL TREATMENT FOR COPPER AND GOLD CONCENTRATES AT THE MINE SITE

Olli Hyvärinen, Pertti Lamberg

The HydroCopperTM process, developed by Outokumpu Technology, introduces a novel chloride leaching method for the efficient treatment of copper sulphide concentrates directly at the mine site, aiming to enhance copper production and facilitate the utilization of low-grade ores. This study investigates the feasibility of the HydroCopperTM technology, which not only allows for the extraction of high

2005enPDF

SEPARATION OF COPPER FROM A LEACHING SOLUTION OF PRINTED CIRCUIT BOARDS BY USING SOLVENT EXTRACTION WITH D2EHPA

Mónica Maria Jiménez Correa, Flávia Paulucci Cianga Silvas

Global generation of waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) is increasing quickly. This paper describes a combined hydrometallurgical route (sulfuric oxidant leaching + solvent extraction) to recover copper from printed circuit boards (PCBs). A non-magnetic fraction from comminuted PCBs was used to perform leaching tests at 75ºC for 6 hours in an oxidizing media (sulfuric acid + hydrogen

2018ptPDF

CURRENT STATUS OF COPPER LEACHING AND RECOVERY IN THE U. S. COPPER INDUSTRY

W. Joseph Schlitt

This chapter reviews the current status of copper leaching and recovery operations in the United States, highlighting the significance of these techniques within the copper industry. The objective is to analyze the contributions of leach operations to total mine output and provide a comprehensive understanding of the evolution of these processes. Methodologically, the text employs a historical per

1979enPDF

COPPER EXTRACTION BY ELECTROLEACHING OF METALLIC SULPHIDES FLOTATION CONCENTRATES

Luis Gonzaga S. Sobral, Vânia Mori

Copper occurs in the crust of the earth, predominantly, as sulphides. Among the copper sulphide minerals, the chalcopyrite is the most abundant and the most refractory to the conventional oxidative processes. This work aims at developing an electrolytic process for treating a copper sulphides flotation concentrate, more precisely chalcopyrite (CuFeS2) and bornite (Cu5FeS4) in the percentages of 70

2007ptPDF

Copper-Gold Interaction During the Processing of Copper-Gold Ores

T Tran, H H Nguyen

The treatment of copper-gold ores presents significant challenges due to the interaction between copper minerals and cyanide leach solutions, which complicates gold recovery. This study seeks to elucidate the specific mechanisms behind this interaction, focusing on the role of various copper minerals such as azurite and chalcocite, whose dissolution in cyanide exacerbates the consumption of cyanid

1992enPDF

Copper heap leaching at San Manuel

J.G. Jenkins

This paper discusses the development and operation of Magma Copper Company's heap leaching facility at San Manuel, which has been operational since May 1986. The objective of the study was to evaluate the feasibility and efficiency of copper extraction from the oxide ore body of the San Manuel deposit, particularly as it became available for development in the early 1980s. A comprehensive testing

1994enPDF

The nature of chrysocolla from Inspiration Mine, Arizona

Ming-Shan Sun

Abundant chrysocolla occurs in the oxidation zones of the metallized Precambrian Pinal schist and Tertiary Schultze granite in the vicinity of Inspiration Mine, Arizona. This study aims to characterize the chemical and structural properties of chrysocolla found in this region. Through the application of DTA, dehydration, infrared, and X-ray diffraction studies on samples, it was found that chrysoc

1963enPDF

Ammonia Leaching: An Alternate Route for Copper Recovery

Xu Chuanhui, R Newell

The use of ammonia as a leaching agent in the recovery of copper from ores and concentrates has a number of potential benefits, including the ability to treat ores with acid-consuming gangue, non-corrosivity, the insolubility of iron in solution, and increased selectivity. This paper reviews both historical and contemporary applications of ammonia-based leaching systems for copper recovery and pre

2000enPDF

new players in copper concentrates hydromet

Alan Taylor

The increasing concerns regarding the transportation and smelting of copper sulphide concentrates with high impurity levels, particularly arsenic, have led to the emergence of new hydrometallurgical processes aimed at impurity removal rather than complete hydromet processing. This paper discusses the NONOX process, which utilizes a combination of copper metathesis and hydrothermal leach mechanisms

2016enPDF

Thermodynamic analysis of The sulphaTiza

Peter Iliev, Vladislava Stefanova

Analytical studies of the physicochemical interactions and isothermal equilibriums in the Cu-Fe-S-O system were conducted at temperatures 1623K, 1373K and 973K by using the software HSC Chemistry ver.7.1 modules: Reaction Equations and Lpp diagrams. The thermodynamical stability of phases in Cu-S-O and Fe-S-O systems was determined under specific conditions. The tendencies of their variation upon

2026enPDF

Marcelo Adasme Extraccion Sinergica de E

Marcelo Ignacio Adasme Valdés, Romina Cayumil Montecino

Este documento presenta una tesis de pregrado que aborda la extracción sinérgica de elementos de valor desde muestras de relaves mineros. El objetivo principal es desarrollar un método eficiente y sostenible para recuperar metales valiosos presentes en los residuos de la minería. Se llevó a cabo un estudio experimental que incluyó la recolección y caracterización de las muestras de relaves, así co

2026enPDF

Permanent Cathode Technologies in Copper Electrowinning: Development and Status

Kalin Naidoo, Kathryn C. Sole

The replacement of copper metal starter-sheet cathodes with the use of permanent cathode technology, in which the target metal is plated onto an inert blank template, has enabled significant benefits in the copper electrowinning process. These include the application of significantly higher current density, which reduces tankhouse footprint and increases process intensity per unit area; improved o

2025enPDF

Copper solvent extraction on the African Copperbelt: From historic origins to world-leading status

O.S. Tinkler, K.C. Sole

Approximately 20% of current world copper cathode output is produced using a hydrometallurgical process route, generally referred to as the leach–solvent extraction–electrowinning flowsheet. Since its commercialization in the late 1960s, steady improvements in the performance and efficiency of the solvent-extraction reagents and equipment, combined with significant developments in leaching and ele

2023enPDF

Establishment of a Hydrometallurgical Scheme for the Recovery of Copper, Nickel, and Cobalt from Smelter Slag and Its Economic Evaluation

Labone Lorraine Godirilwe, Kazutoshi Haga

In pursuit of carbon neutrality, the demand for metals that are necessary for the development of clean energy technologies is rapidly increasing. Metallurgical waste, such as slag, presents a promising secondary source of these key metals. This research aims to develop an eco-friendly hydrometallurgical process to recover Cu, Ni, and Co from discarded copper/nickel slag. High-pressure acid leachin

2023enPDF

Revealing the Atomic-Scale Structure of the Copper–Sulfuric Acid Interface

Lalith Kumar Bhaskara, Sung-Gyu Kang

Corrosion originates from atomistic reactions occurring at dynamic solid-liquid interfaces; however, direct experimental observation of these reactions has remained elusive due to the inability to preserve transient interfacial states during characterization. To refine corrosion models, advanced techniques capable of analyzing corrosion interfaces at the atomic scale are essential. Recent advancem

2018enPDF

Leaching analysis of copper and cobalt from sulfide ores in sulfuric acid- sodium chloride media

KASONGO Brest K, Mamookho E Makhatha

This dissertation explores the leaching processes of copper and cobalt from sulfide ores using sulfuric acid and sodium chloride media. The objective is to investigate the efficiency and kinetics of metal extraction in this specific chemical environment. A systematic methodology was adopted, incorporating experimental designs to assess the influence of various parameters such as temperature, acid

2021enPDF

CFD Modeling of Multiphase Flow in an SKS Furnace with New Tuyere Arrangements

KEZHOU SONG, ARI JOKILAAKSO

This research focuses on the optimization of tuyere arrangements in SKS bottom blown copper smelting furnaces, reflecting the growing interest in enhancing furnace operation efficiency over the past decade. The objective is to propose new tuyere arrangements and to evaluate their performance through computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations. We utilized a previously validated numerical model

2022enPDF

Reaction Sequences in Flash Smelting and Converting Furnaces: An In-depth View

PEKKA TASKINEN, ARI JOKILAAKSO

Flash smelting and flash converting have established themselves as key technologies in the processing of copper and nickel sulfide ores, reflected in the high online availability, yield efficiency, and low energy requirements. This study addresses the operational intricacies linked to furnace design and maintenance, emphasizing the interconnectedness of suspension oxidation, fluxing, fluid dynamic

2021enPDF

Monosodium Glutamate as Selective Lixiviant for Alkaline Leaching of Zinc and Copper from Electric Arc Furnace Dust

Erik Prasetyo, Corby Anderson

The efficacy of monosodium glutamate (MSG) as a lixiviant for the selective and sustainable leaching of zinc and copper from electric arc furnace dust was tested. Batch leaching studies and XRD, XRF and SEM-EDS characterization confirmed the high leaching efficiency of zinc (reaching 99%) and copper (reaching 86%) leaving behind Fe, Al, Ca and Mg in the leaching residue. The separation factor (con

2020enPDF

Erosion Behavior of Blast Furnace Tuyere

Rajeswar CHATTERJEE, Samik NAG

This study focuses on the erosion pattern of blast furnace tuyere, a copper casted component essential for injecting hot air to facilitate the combustion of pulverized coal. The tuyere operates under high thermal conditions and features dual cooling circuits, with an emphasis on identifying the most vulnerable zones that survive operational challenges. By scanning used tuyeres, particularly those

2019enPDF

CVD growth of large area and uniform graphene on tilted copper foil for high performance flexible transparent conductive film†

Jia Zhang, PingAn Hu

This study investigates the synthesis of a large area, uniform graphene film on tilted copper foil within a chemical vapor deposition (CVD) system, aiming to enhance graphene quality for high performance flexible transparent conductive films. The methodology involves tilting the copper foil against the gaseous flow during the CVD process, utilizing geometrical fluidic dynamics to promote uniformit

2012enPDF

Observations of Early Stage Graphene Growth on Copper

K. Celebi, M. T. Cole

We present our observations made during the early stages of graphene growth employing an ethylene-based CVD method capable of synthesizing copper-foil-catalyzed monolayer graphene at temperatures as low as 800 °C. Spectroscopic monitoring of surface catalysis showed that graphene crystals evolve from densely distributed nucleation points that interconnect to form large crystals covering the entire

2011enPDF

Thermodynamics of Methylamine and Ammonia Synergy in Copper-Catalyzed Thiosulfate Gold Leaching

Heng He, Yongbin Yang

Thiosulfate leaching is considered a promising alternative to cyanidation for gold extraction because it can be achieved at a low cost. However, existing leaching systems struggle to balance leaching efficiency with thiosulfate consumption. Herein, a novel synergistic Cu-CH3NH2-NH3 leaching system was proposed, balancing thiosulfate consumption and gold leaching efficiency through a mixed-ligand s

2026enPDF

Recovery of Cu and Fe from a Sphalerite Concentrate by the MnO2–KI Leaching Oxidation System

Aleksandar Jovanović, Dimitrije Anđić

This study examined the leaching behavior of copper and iron from a sphalerite concentrate in sulfuric acid utilizing an ensemble MnO2–KI oxidizing system. The temperature was shown to significantly influence the leaching kinetics, with the efficiency notably improving between 40 ◦C and 80 ◦C. The introduction of KI affected the balance between sulfur passivation and oxidant availability, facilita

2025enPDF

Studies on the Hydrometallurgical Transfer of Lead, Copper, and Iron from Direct-to-Blister Copper Flash Smelting Slag to Solution Using L-Ascorbic Acid

Krzysztof Gargul, Arkadiusz Pawlik

This study explored the behavior of lead, copper, and iron during the leaching process of flash smelting slag from direct-to-blister copper flash smelting using l-ascorbic acid solutions. Flash smelting slag is generated in considerable quantities by various copper smelters worldwide. One drawback of the single-stage flash smelting technology for copper concentrates is the production of large quan

2025enPDF

Processing of Waste Copper Converter Slag Using Organic Acids for Extraction of Copper, Nickel, and Cobalt

Pratima Meshram, Uday Prakash

An innovative, economical, and environmentally sound hydrometallurgical process has been proposed for recovering Cu, Ni, and Co from copper-rich converter slag by organic acids. In the leaching experiments, the effects of organic acid concentrations, pulp density, temperature, and time were investigated. Optimum recovery of 99.1% Cu, 89.2% Ni, 94% Co, and 99.2% Fe was achieved in 9–10 h at 308 K (

2020enPDF

Leaching analysis of copper and cobalt from sulfide ores in sulfuric acid- sodium chloride media.

KASONGO Brest, Mamookho Elizabeth Makhatha

This dissertation investigates the leaching behavior of copper and cobalt from sulfide ores using a sulfuric acid-sodium chloride media. The objective of the study is to evaluate the efficiency of the leaching process and to identify the optimal conditions for the extraction of these metals. A comprehensive experimental methodology was employed, involving the preparation of sulfide ore samples, fo

2021enPDF

Effect of Aqueous Antimony Species on Corrosion of Pb­Sn­Ca Alloy in Copper Electrowinning

Hidehiro Sekimoto, Sou Sugawara

Copper electrowinning is a crucial process for producing primary copper from copper oxide minerals and for recycling copper through smelting, leaching, and electrowinning. This study investigates the effect of aqueous antimony species on the corrosion of a Pb­Sn­Ca alloy in copper electrowinning using galvanostatic electrolysis, X-ray diffractometry, scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive

2020enPDF

Effect of Impurity Ions and Additives in Solution of Copper Electrorefining on the Passivation Behavior of Low-Grade Copper Anode

Kohei Mori, Yuta Yamakawa

Cu electrorefining using a low-grade copper anode is essential for energy efficiency in metallurgy. This study investigates the effects of various impurity ions and additives on the passivation behavior of low-grade copper anodes during copper electrolysis in an unagitated sulfate solution. Electrolytic experiments were conducted with varying concentrations of nickel, arsenic, bismuth, tin, antimo

2022enPDF

Factors Affecting the Cathode Edge Nodulation in Copper Electrorefining Process

A. Ahmadi, S. Sheibani

In this study the factors that are affecting the copper nodular growth on the cathode edge were investigated from metallurgical and operational points of view. Statistical analysis was performed to evaluate the effect of operational conditions on the nodular copper growth by characterization of the nodule-containing cathodes. Besides, the effects of defects on polymer edge strips as well as change

2022enPDF

Electrorefining Process of the Non-Commercial Copper Anodes

Radmila Markovic, Vesna Krstic

The electrorefining process of the non-commercial Cu anodes was tested on the enlarged laboratory equipment over 72 hours. Cu anodes with Ni content of 5 or 10 wt.% and total content of Pb, Sn, and Sb of about 1.5 wt.% were used for the tests. The real waste solution of sulfuric acid character was a working electrolyte of different temperatures (T1 = 63 ±2 ◦C and T2 = 73 ±2 ◦C). The current densit

2021enPDF

Forecasting Copper Electrorefining Cathode Rejection by Means of Recurrent Neural Networks With Attention Mechanism

PEDRO PABLO CORREA, ALDO CIPRIANO

Electrolytic refining is the last step of pyrometallurgical copper production. Here, smelted copper is converted into high-quality cathodes through electrolysis. Cathodes that do not meet the physical quality standards are rejected and further reprocessed or sold at a minimum profit. Prediction of cathodic rejection is therefore of utmost importance to accurately forecast the electrorefining cycle

2021esPDF

Modeling and Optimization of Charge Materials Ranges in Converter Furnace with Enhanced Passivation Time in Copper Electrorefining Proces: A Mixture Design Approach

M. H. Khazaei Feizabad, G. R. Khayati

In this study, the design of experiments is used to study and model the time of passivation in copper electrorefining as a function of the charge of melting furnace through the preparation of copper casting anodes. As a result of optimization for the proposed optimized anodes, the charge percent values of concentrate (Co), refinery scrap (RS), and non-refinery scrap (NRS) were proposed equals to 6

2021enPDF

Influence of Electrolyte Impurities from E-Waste Electrorefining on Copper Extraction Recovery

Jovana Djoki´ c, Dragana Radovanovi´ c

In order to reflect possible issues in future sole e-waste processing, an electrolyte of complex chemical composition reflecting the system of sole e-waste processing was obtained by following a specially designed pyro-electrometallurgical method. The obtained non-standard electrolyte was further used for the purpose of comprehensive metal interference evaluation on the copper solvent extraction (

2021enPDF

Experimental Study for the Influence of Operating Parameters on Copper Electrorefining Process

Hayder M. Abbas, Sarmad T. Najim

This study investigates the copper electrodeposition process via electrorefining in an acidic sulfate medium, specifically focusing on the influence of various operating parameters on the cathode purity, surface morphology, deposition rate, current efficiency, and power consumption. The composition of the electrolyte consists of 40 g/l of cupric ions and 160 g/l of sulfuric acid. The operating par

2018enPDF

Increasing the sustainability of copper electrorefining: Selective electrodeposition of antimony in the presence of bismuth from highly concentrated hydrochloric acid effluents

L. Hernández-Pérez, A. Muñoz-Pérez

Recovering critical materials from effluents of copper electrorefining would improve the circularity and sustainability of this industry. In this task, selectivity is crucial to separate metals present in multi-component electrolytes and obtain added value products. Electrodeposition can be used to recover metals individually when their reduction takes place at different potentials. Moreover, the

2024esPDF

Efficient Synchronous Extraction of Nickel, Copper, and Cobalt from Low–Nickel Matte by Sulfation Roasting‒Water Leaching Process

Qiangchao Sun, Hongwei Cheng

This paper investigates an efficient method for extracting nickel (Ni), copper (Cu), and cobalt (Co) from low-nickel matte, addressing the low recovery efficiency typical of traditional pyrometallurgical processes. The objective was to optimize the parameters and mechanisms of sulfation roasting followed by water leaching using sodium sulfate as a sulfating additive. Employing rigorous testing und

2020enPDF

Permanent Cathode Technologies in Copper Electrowinning: Development and Status

Kalin Naidoo, Kathryn C. Sole

The replacement of copper metal starter-sheet cathodes with the use of permanent cathode technology, in which the target metal is plated onto an inert blank template, has enabled significant benefits in the copper electrowinning process. These include the application of significantly higher current density, which reduces tankhouse footprint and increases process intensity per unit area; improved o

2025enPDF

Application of Spectrophotometry for Analysis of Arsine Gas in Electrometallurgical Research

HENRI PALOMA¨KI, JARI AROMAA

Electrowinning is an essential process for removing impurities from copper electrorefining circuits, yet it poses the risk of generating toxic arsine gas when dissolved arsenic is present. This study aims to explore the formation of arsine gas and improve operational safety in industrial settings using laboratory-scale experiments. We paired the silver diethyldithiocarbamate (AgDDC) spectrophotome

2025enPDF

Fabrication of Nanostructured Copper Thin Films at Disposable Pencil Graphite Electrode and its Application to Elecrocatalytic Reduction of Nitrate

Mir Reza Majidi, K. Asadpour-Zeynali

In this work, a galvanostatic double-pulse technique was presented for fabrication of nanostructured copper thin films. Multi-layer structure was obtained for copper deposits. The thickness of copper nanolayers was observed to be 60-70 nm using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The resulting electrode exhibits an excellent electrocatalytic activity for the reduction of nitrate. Cyclic voltammetr

2011enPDF

Electro-catalytic Reduction of Aqueous Nitrates using Cu-Sn and Cu-Pd Cathodes

Bernd Weber, Alma Chávez

Water treatment systems are essential for reducing environmental impacts and providing potable water to meet quality standards. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of a low-cost Cu-Sn6 catalyst compared to a noble Cu-Pd catalyst for the electrocatalytic removal of nitrates from contaminated water in both laboratory and continuous pilot settings. Utilizing saturated carbonic acid as the a

2019enPDF

Role of oxide support in electrocatalytic nitrate reduction on Cu

O. Quinn Carvalho, Sophia R.S. Jones

The electrochemical nitrate reduction reaction (NO3RR) holds promise for distributed water treatment and renewable chemical synthesis, with Cu emerging as an effective monometallic electrocatalyst in both acidic and alkaline environments. However, the activity is constrained by the reduction of adsorbed nitrate to nitrite. This study investigates the role of oxygen-vacancy forming metal-oxide supp

2020enPDF

Optimisation des paramètres opérationnels pour l’amélioration de la qualité des cathodes de cuivre produites à l’unité EW2 de Kamoto Copper Company (KCC)

ILUNGA BANZE Dan, Jacob MASIALA

Cette étude porte sur l’optimisation des paramètres opérationnels pour l’amélioration de la qualité des cathodes de cuivre produites à l’unité EW2 de Kamoto Copper Company (KCC). L’objectif est de remédier aux variations récurrentes de la qualité des cathodes, affectées par différents défauts. La méthodologie DMAIC de Lean Six Sigma a été adoptée, intégrant des outils statistiques tels que les tes

2023frPDF

Optimisation des paramètres d’électrodeposition du cuivre cathodique dans la salle d’électrolyse EW2 des usines de Luilu par la méthode statistique

ILUNGA BANZE Dan, Jacob MASIALA

Cette étude porte sur l’optimisation des paramètres opérationnels pour l’amélioration de la qualité des cathodes de cuivre produites à l’unité EW2 de Kamoto Copper Company (KCC). Le sujet a été initié à la suite du constat de variations récurrentes de la qualité des cathodes, caractérisées par la présence de nodules, une rugosité élevée, une faible uniformité du dépôt ainsi qu’un taux important de

2026frPDF

Copper Mediated Selective Removal of Nit

PHILIPPE VANDEVIVERE, ELENA FICARA

Current efforts to upgrade wastewater treatment plants focus on biological nitrogen and phosphorus removal, yet nitrogen removal is often hindered by the presence of nitrification inhibitors in industrial effluents. This study investigates the role of copper in counteracting the effects of these inhibitors. Using batch inhibition tests and bench-scale semi-continuous activated sludge reactors, we

2026enPDF

Morphology , Structure and Mechanical Properties of Copper Coatings Electrodeposited by Pulsating Current (PC) Regime on Si(111)

Ivana O. Mladenovi´ c, Jelena S. Lamovec

Copper electrodeposition on (111)-oriented Si substrate was performed by the pulsating current (PC) regime at various average current densities in the range of 15–70 mA ·cm−2, obtained by varying either the frequency (30, 50, 80 and 100 Hz for the current density amplitude of 100 mA ·cm−2) or the current density amplitude (120 and 140 mA ·cm−2 at 100 Hz). The produced Cu coatings were examined by

2020enPDF

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