Hydrometallurgy
Browse 60 curated documents about hydrometallurgy in The Archive — the 2RA-Edition digital library for engineering and scientific research. This collection of books, journal articles, theses, reports, and technical documents on hydrometallurgy spans extractive metallurgy, mining engineering, chemistry, and applied science. Every document is searchable in full text; sign in to read, download, ask AI questions about any document, or generate cited research drafts with the AI Researcher.
Kazumba final
J. M. Kazumba
Dans les procédés hydrométallurgiques, la maîtrise des performances des échangeurs de chaleur à plaques est essentielle à la stabilité thermique et à l’efficacité énergétique des installations. Dans cette étude, nous avons proposé une approche hybride pour modéliser les performances de l’échangeur industriel a plaques 60HX002 de MMG Kinsevere, à Lubumbashi (RD Congo), soumis à des conditions d’exp
WEEE Booming for sustainable recycling 2016 Waste Management
Ata Akcil
The increasing production of electrical and electronic equipment (EEE) has led to the rapid growth of Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE), which significantly contributes to municipal solid waste and raises environmental concerns due to its hazardous components. This editorial discusses the critical importance of recycling metals from WEEE, especially as primary resources become deple
An overview of the potential of eco friendly hybri 2017 Resources Conservat
Abhishek Kumar Awasthi, Jinhui Li
Most waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE or E-waste) is recycled in the informal sector, despite the availability of more sophisticated recycling technologies. Mechanical recycling is usually the first step, achieving maximum metal extraction but comes with health risks, high costs, and loss of secondary metal resources. Chemical methods offer a faster, yet metal-specific approach that
A Hydrometallurgical Comparison between the Caustic and Sulphuric Acid Cracking of Steenkampskraal (SKK) Monazite
U.A.Q Ahmed, J Petersen
The demand for rare earth elements (REEs) is continuously increasing since all high-tech products contain them. The Steenkampskraal (SKK) mine holds the full spectrum of REEs including high-value neodymium (Nd) used in the manufacture of high-strength magnets, computers, and hard drives. This study aims to compare caustic and sulphuric acid cracking methods for processing monazite from the SKK min
Recycling of Printed Circuit Boards to Recover Critical Materials
Md Kaviul Islam, Anirudha Karati
The printed circuit board (PCB), a central component of most electronic devices, represents a significant fraction of the electronic product waste stream. The complex composition of PCBs, consisting of metals, polymers, and fiberglass, requires specialized recovery steps to reclaim valuable and critical materials and the safe disposal of brominated compounds. In this review paper, we describe the
Waste Zinc–Carbon Battery Recycling: Focus on Total Material Recovery
Anatoliy Ranskiy, Olga Gordienko
Currently, less attention is paid to zinc–carbon batteries, although they are still widely used and are among the major types of batteries collected and recycled. The recycling technologies currently in use do not allow the complete recovery of resources, are not self-sufficient and require additional financing. Therefore, this paper aims to study the possibility of complete recycling of waste zin
Summary of Pretreatment of Waste Lithium-Ion Batteries and Recycling of Valuable Metal Materials: A Review
Linye Li, Yuzhang Li
The recycling of used lithium-ion batteries has become a growing concern. As a large number of rare metal elements are present in waste lithium-ion batteries, recycling them can significantly improve resource utilization and reduce the material cost of battery production. The process of recycling used lithium-ion batteries involves three main technology parts: pretreatment, material recovery, and
A Review of Lithium-Ion Battery Recycling: Technologies, Sustainability, and Open Issues
Alessandra Zanoletti, Eleonora Carena
Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are a widely used energy storage technology as they possess high energy density and are characterized by the reversible intercalation/deintercalation of Li ions between electrodes. The rapid development of LIBs has led to increased production efficiency and lower costs for manufacturers, resulting in a growing demand for batteries and their application across various i
New Process for Efficient Separation and Comprehensive Recovery of Valuable Metals from Jarosite Residues
Qi Zhou, Jian Pan
Jarosite residue (JR), a hazardous solid waste generated in non-ferrous metallurgy, poses significant environmental challenges due to its large volume and poor storage stability. However, its high content of valuable metals (such as iron, zinc, gallium, indium, silver) makes its efficient recovery and comprehensive utilization highly significant. This study investigates the “oxidative roasting–red
Effects of Operational Parameters on the Low Contaminant Jarosite Precipitation Process-an Industrial Scale Study
Ali Asimi, Khodakaram Gharibi
Jarosite precipitation process (JPP) is the most frequently used procedure for iron removal in the hydrometallurgical zinc extraction process. However, there is a gap in the knowledge of the relationship between operational parameters and the low contaminant JPP on the industrial scale. This study will address these issues by investigating the behavior of zinc calcine (ZC) as a neutralizing agent,
Research Progress in the Detoxification and Resource Utilization of Chromium Slag: Recovery Technologies, Large-Scale Utilization, and Emerging Challenges—A Review
Bin Wang, Jianjun Gao
Chromium slag, a chromium-bearing solid waste characterized by substantial environmental hazards yet with appreciable resource potential, has become a focal topic in solid-waste pollution control and the circular economy. Centered on the overarching logic of 'evidence chain–system boundary–scalable and verifiable acceptance,' this review systematically synthesizes recovery technologies, industrial
Towards Sustainable Lithium-Ion Battery Recycling: Advancements in Circular Hydrometallurgy
Maria del Mar Cerrillo-Gonzalez, Maria Villen-Guzman
The growing demand for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) has led to significant environmental and resource challenges, such as the toxicity of LIBs’ waste, which pose severe environmental and health risks, and the criticality of some of their components. Efficient recycling processes are essential to mitigate these issues, promoting the recovery of valuable materials and reducing environmental pollutio
TFE JETHRO&
MUKAZO KAYOMBO Jethro, NGOY MASIALA Jacob
La présente étude était penchée sur l'entraînement excessif des matières solides en suspension (TSS) provenant de la section de lixiviation vers le circuit d'extraction par solvant (SX), ayant pour conséquence la perturbation de la gestion des opérations à l’usine d’extraction par solvant. Pour ce faire, une série d’essais d'orientation de décantation et de séparation de phases a été menée en labo
KASANDA MUKADI CEDRICK. Bac 3 Chimie industrielle.TFC
KASANDA MUKADI Cedrick, NGOY MASIALA Jacob
Le présent travail a pour objectif d’évaluer l’impact de l’adoucissant Luproset 1178 sur la flottation du calcium et la décantation. Cette étude s’inscrit dans le cadre du projet de flottation inverse initié par l’entreprise KCC, qui consiste à flotter les minéraux calciques, afin d’éviter leur consommation d’acide lors de la lixiviation et le risque de formation de gypses. Cependant, dans un proc
Book 0076 Kalunga Marceline
KALUNGA WA KALUNGA Marceline, Prof. Dr. Ir. Jacob MASIALA
Le présent travail porte sur la contribution à la conception et à l’optimisation d’un protocole de recyclage hydrométallurgique à faible consommation d’énergie du cuivre issu des DEEE en utilisant un lixiviant biosourcé à Kolwezi. L’objectif principal était d’étudier la possibilité de récupérer le cuivre contenu dans les déchets électroniques par lixiviation hydrométallurgique à température ambian
Closed-Loop Recycling of Copper from Waste Printed Circuit Boards Using Bioleaching and Electrowinning Processes
Baniasadi, M., Graves, J. E.
In the present study, a model of closed-loop recycling of copper from waste printed circuit boards (PCBs) was developed utilizing bioleaching and electrowinning processes. The objective was to evaluate the effectiveness of microbial extraction methods in recovering copper while minimizing environmental impact. The methodology involved the use of specific bioleaching bacteria to solubilize copper f
Metal Foam Electrode as a Cathode for Copper Electrowinning
Modestas Vainoris, Henrikas Cesiulis
The geometry of porous materials is complex, and the determination of the true surface area is important because it affects current density, reaction progression, and rates. This work investigates the dependence of electrochemical deposition of copper coatings on the geometry of the copper substrate, specifically comparing flat plates and 3D foams. Chronoamperometric measurements reveal that coppe
Waste-to-hydrogen production: Recycling aluminium dross in alkali solutions
Ankur Srivastava, Arunabh Meshram
The valorisation of aluminium dross for hydrogen production offers a sustainable waste-to-energy pathway. This study examines hydrogen evolution from aluminium dross in aqueous NaOH and KOH (0.25–1.0 M) at 40–70 °C, measuring it as a function of time and using 3D contour mapping to determine initial rates and cumulative yields. Hydrogen evolution rises with alkali concentration and temperature; Na
Technological Pathways for Rare Earth Elements Recovery from WEEE: A Systematic Mapping Review
Luca Taglieri, Pietro Romano
Rare earth elements (REEs) are essential to many low-carbon and digital technologies, yet the primary supply is geographically concentrated; waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) could act as an urban mine, but recovery pathways remain fragmented. We synthesize the evidence through a structured literature review of Scopus and Web of Science indexed studies focusing on WEEE-derived feeds
Minerals 2021, 11, 1255. https://doi.org/10.3390/min11111255
Srabani Mishra, Sandeep Panda
There is a growing interest in electronic wastes (e-wastes) recycling for metal recovery because the fast depletion of worldwide reserves for primary resources is gradually becoming a matter of concern. E-wastes contain metals with a concentration higher than that present in the primary ores, which renders them as an apt resource for metal recovery. Owing to such aspects, research is progressing w
A Systematic Review of Copper Heap Leaching: Key Operational Variables, Green Reagents, and Sustainable Engineering Strategies
Fabian León, Luis Rojas
Heap leaching of copper is faced with a complex set of challenges, including mineral heterogeneity, the formation of passivating species, and the need to regulate critical variables such as pH, redox potential (Eh), oxidant concentration, and irrigation rate. If these factors are not properly managed, copper recovery is reduced, and significant environmental impacts may be generated, highlighting
Comprehensive Study on the Mechanism of Sulfating Roasting of Zinc Plant Residue with Iron Sulfates
Pavel Grudinsky, Denis Pankratov
Zinc plant residue (ZPR) is a secondary material generated during hydrometallurgical zinc production that contains considerable contents of valuable elements such as Zn, Cu, Fe, Pb, Cd, Ag, In, Ga, Tl. Zinc, copper and accompanying elements in ZPR are in different minerals, mainly in the ferrites. A promising approach for recycling ZPR is the sulfating roasting using iron sulfates followed by wate
Recovery of Zinc and Iron from Steel Mill Dust—An Overview of Available Technologies
Yang Xue, Xiansheng Hao
The global shortage of zinc mines makes the extraction of zinc from zinc-containing wastes a hot research topic. Most kinds of steel mill dust (SMD) cannot be directly returned to the ironmaking and steelmaking processes due to their zinc content. A large amount of SMD produced during steelmaking has become a major challenge for steel plants due to environmental pollution, health issues and land s
Copper Electrowinning from Supercritical Leachate of Printed Circuit Boards
Camila Ottonelli Calgaro, Maurício Dalla Costa Rodrigues da Silva
O desenvolvimento tecnológico propicia a rápida substituição de equipamentos elétricos e eletrônicos, tornando indispensável o desenvolvimento de processos de reciclagem para o tratamento desses equipamentos quando descartados. As placas de circuito impresso (PCBs) são componentes fundamentais de equipamentos elétricos e eletrônicos, compostas por cerâmicas, polímeros e metais, sendo o cobre o met
The Journal of the Southern African Institute of Mining and Metallurgy
K. Naidoo, M. Pelser
The copper tankhouse at Rustenburg Base Metals Refinery is an essential component of the Anglo American Platinum value chain. The tankhouse uses starter-sheet technology that was adopted in the 1980s, so dependence on manually intensive labour and overall operational excellence has a significant impact on process performance. An efficient, stable, and sustainable electrowinning process contributes
Valuable Metals Recovery by Mineral Processing and Hydrometallurgy
Marinela Ivanova Panayotova, Vladko Panayotov
This special issue focuses on the recovery of valuable metals through advanced methods in mineral processing and hydrometallurgy. The objective is to highlight innovative techniques and approaches for improving the efficiency and sustainability of metal recovery processes. The methodology employed includes a review of current practices and research developments in the area, as well as discussions
Advances in Mineral Processing and Hydrometallurgy—3rd Edition
Corby G. Anderson
The third edition of Advances in Mineral Processing and Hydrometallurgy provides a comprehensive overview of recent developments in the field aimed at improving efficiency and sustainability in mineral processing techniques. The objective of this special issue is to consolidate research findings and innovative applications that enhance extraction techniques and minimize environmental impacts assoc
Solvent extraction design consideration for the Tati Activox® plant
ROBLES, E., CRONJE, I.
The Activox® process, developed by Norilsk Process Technology, presents a hydrometallurgical solution for the treatment of diverse metal sulphide concentrates. This paper outlines the development and implementation of the Tati Activox® Project (TA®P), which began in 1998 and has progressed from laboratory scale testing in Australia to the successful operation of a demonstration plant in Botswana.
COMPARISON OF SOLVENT EXTRACTION AND SELECTIVE PRECIPITATION FOR THE PURIFICATION OF COBALT ELECTROLYTES AT THE LUILU REFINERY, DRC
L. M. Roux, E. Minnaar
The classic technique to remove impurities in a cobalt stream is selective precipitation, typically followed by re-leaching to produce an advanced electrolyte for cobalt electrowinning. While this method achieves adequate cobalt concentration in the electrowinning circuit, it often leads to unwanted losses during multiple precipitation steps, ultimately resulting in lower recoveries. This study ev
Solvent extraction test work to evaluate a Versatic 10/Nicksyn™ synergistic system for nickel-calcium separation
René du Preez, Marthie Kotze
This paper discusses the development and optimization of a synergistic solvent extraction system utilizing Versatic 10 and Nicksyn™ to improve the separation of nickel from calcium and magnesium in the hydrometallurgical processing at Tati Nickel in Botswana. The objective was to enhance nickel recovery while minimizing the co-loading of calcium, which can lead to gypsum formation in the extractio
Simultaneous Solvent Extraction of Co and Ni from Copper Raffinate Waste Solution
Hanieh Rezaei, Mohammad Reza Aboutalebi
The extraction and stripping of Co, Ni, Mn, and Mg ions from raffinate solution of the Sarcheshmeh copper complex containing Cu (0.14 g/L), Ni (0.15 g/L), Co (0.06 g/L), Fe (10.72 g/L), Zn (2.4 g/L), Mn (4.83 g/L), and Mg (8 g/L) was comprehensively studied using D2EHPA and LIX 984 extractants. To design the solvent extraction experiments, the response surface method (RSM) was employed. The optima
Base Metals 2018 Abstarct
Bravo Mbao, Laurent Cohen
Crud formation is a common challenge within copper solvent extraction facilities, particularly in the African Copperbelt, leading to operational disruptions or shutdowns if not effectively managed. The objective of this study was to evaluate a novel additive developed by Solvay that aims to mitigate crud formation during solvent extraction processes. A series of side-by-side comparative tests were
Evaluation of Applicability of High Ketoxime Extractant Blends for Copper Solvent Extraction Plants of the Democratic Republic of Congo
G. Mitshabu, P. Bwando
By the end of 2022, the south-eastern Copper Belt region of the Democratic Republic of Congo was host to over 40 copper solvent extraction sites. This research aimed to evaluate the applicability of high ketoxime extractant blends for improving copper solvent extraction efficiency. Laboratory extraction and strip isotherms were generated and analyzed using BASF Isocalc™ modeling software to assess
ACORGA® OPT5540: Advantages and Contributions to Copper Extraction in the African Copperbelt
B. Mbao, G. Longo Banza
Since the introduction of solvent extraction in the hydrometallurgical processing of copper, numerous studies have sought to enhance extractant formulations. In 2006, Solvay developed the ACORGA® OPT series, which utilizes a blended formulation of both aldoxime and ketoxime with selected modifiers to optimize copper transfer. The study details how incorporating these modifiers results in increased
Improving Solvent-Extraction Performance and Efficiency: A Colloidal Silica Reduction Solution – MMG Case Study Update
D.F. Verwey, F.G. Ndiitwani
The presence of colloidal silica negatively impacts various hydrometallurgy processes. This paper details the nature of colloidal silica, operational issues caused by colloidal silica, as well as various mitigation measures. MMG Kinsevere observed severe phase-continuity instability, increased crud formation, and reagent consumption, and reduced current efficiency in electrowinning with a deterior
Metso Outotec VSF®X Solvent Extraction for Sicomines Phase II Project
H. Laitala, M. Lampi
Metso Outotec has developed an advanced VSF®X solvent-extraction plant aimed at optimizing copper and cobalt extraction processes. This paper details the collaborative efforts between Sicomines and Metso Outotec in the implementation and commissioning of a modern copper solvent-extraction plant as part of Sicomines' Phase II project. The methodology encompasses fast-track project management and mo
Hydrometallurgy principles and applications
Tomás Havlík
This book provides a comprehensive overview of the principles and applications of hydrometallurgy, focusing on various processes used to extract metals from their ores. The objective is to equip readers with an understanding of both fundamental concepts and practical applications in this field. The methodology involves a detailed examination of established techniques, including leaching, solvent e
The Hydro-Metallurgy of Copper
M. Eissler
This work presents a comprehensive overview of the hydro-metallurgical treatment of cupriferous ores, detailing the processes adopted and the manufacture of copper vitriol. The objective is to provide an in-depth understanding of the methodologies employed in treating copper ores through hydro-metallurgy, which has gained popularity due to its effectiveness. The methodology involves examining the
543311380 Design of Agitated Leach Circuit
Kafumbila Kasonta Joseph
The reductive leaching of Copper and Cobalt ores using SO2 gas as reducing reagent is a complex process. During reductive leaching of Copper and Cobalt ores, first iron plays an important role as a catalyst because the direct dissolution of Heterogenite with soluble sulfite compounds is limited by migration into the solid pores, and secondly, iron has a saturation concentration controlled by the p
749470619 Cobalt precipitation with MgO
First Quantum Minerals Ltd., Mintek
This chapter discusses the cobalt precipitation process employed in the Kolwezi Tailings project, focusing on the transition from co-solvent extraction to the use of magnesium oxide (MgO) as the primary precipitant. The objective was to optimize cobalt transfer into the electrowinning (EW) circuit while addressing environmental concerns related to waste byproducts. Methodologically, limited labora
302967228 Extractive Metallurgy
Prof Richard Amankwah
This module on extractive metallurgy focuses on mineral processing techniques relevant to both hydrometallurgy and pyrometallurgy, designed for students at the African University of Science and Technology in Abuja. The objective is to provide a comprehensive overview of different methods of extracting valuable minerals from ores. The methodology encompasses leaching techniques, including both agit
458394693 extraction metallurgy c b perry 123s
Dr. C.B. Perry
This document provides a detailed overview of extraction metallurgy, focusing particularly on copper and gold extraction processes. The objective is to explore various methods employed in the extraction of metals from ores, highlighting both pyrometallurgical and hydrometallurgical approaches, and addressing environmental concerns associated with these methods. Methodologically, it discusses speci
Recherche de protocoles de valorisation des poussières d'acierie électrique par voie hydrométallurgique
Nathalie LECLERC
La valorisation des poussières d'acierie électrique est devenue une nécessité en raison des enjeux environnementaux et économiques liés à la gestion des déchets métalliques. L'objectif de cette recherche est de développer un protocole hydrométallurgique pour le traitement de ces déchets, en se concentrant sur l'extraction du zinc et du plomb. La méthodologie inclut l'utilisation d'un agent chélate
Kinetics of copper leaching from direct‑to‑blister copper flash smelting slag by sulfuric acid
Krzysztof Gargul, Bożena Boryczko
Coppermaking from sulfide concentrates entails two major steps: smelting and converting. In continuous direct-to-copper smelting process these two steps are combined into one. The principal advantages of this process are: isolation of SO2 emission to a single, continuous, SO2-rich gas stream, minimization of energy consumption and minimization of capital and operating costs. Disadvantages of the p
Enhanced Recycling of Waste Copper Smelt
Daniel O. Okanigbe, Abimbola P.I. Popoola
The facilities at Palabora Copper (PTY) Ltd in Limpopo, South Africa must comply with the new plant Minimum Emission Standards (MES) by April 1, 2020. Currently, all processes at the PC mine adhere to the MES for existing plants, with the exception of the copper smelter and its corresponding sulfuric acid plant. This paper investigates the enhanced recycling of waste copper smelter dust from both
Mapping Identification and Selection of
Sutarno, Khahar Muzakkar
Law No. 4 of 2009 and PenMen ESDM 7/2012 serve as foundational guidelines for the acceleration of research and technological advancements in metallic mineral extraction processes aimed at producing pure metals, particularly copper cathodes. This study examines the various processes involved in copper mineral extraction, including beneficiation, hydrometallurgy, pyrometallurgy, and electrometallurg
A potential method for arsenic removal f
Živkovic′, Ž., Mitevskа, N.
Arsenic, a prevalent contaminant in copper processing, poses significant environmental risks, particularly at the aging Bor smelter plant in Serbia. This study examines the sources and implications of arsenic emissions from copper smelting operations, framed within the context of the historical significance and modern technological challenges faced by the facility. Through a comprehensive analysis
Selective Separation and Recovery of Ni, Cu and Cr from Electroplating Sludge via Hydrometallurgical Processes
Suhyeon Lee, In-Hyeok Choi
To produce high-purity nickel sulfate from nickel-bearing sludge generated in electroplating processes, this study evaluated a three-step hydrometallurgical pretreatment and purification process comprising sulfuric acid leaching, cementation, and neutralization–precipitation. In the leaching step, the application of 1–2 M H2SO4 at a 25 w/v% solids content achieved near-quantitative dissolution (≥
Recycling of WEEE we do not stop progres
M. Draye, Sophie Legeai
Les produits High Tech, tels que les smartphones, les écrans LCD et les véhicules hybrides, nécessitent des métaux rares dont la production est contrôlée par un nombre restreint de pays, notamment la Chine et la République Démocratique du Congo. Les risques liés à l'approvisionnement de ces métaux stratégiques ont incité l'Union Européenne à explorer des méthodes alternatives, avec le recyclage d'
Production of Ferric Complex Compounds f
ELİF UZUN
Study on oxide scales of products is of greater importance to manufacturers and consumers. These secondary and tertiary scales must be recycled because of high iron content. If these residues are not effectively treated, not only the environment will be seriously polluted, but also the resources will be wasted. In this study, the extraction of iron from Turkish hot rolled iron-steel oxide scale wa
Dissolution Behaviour of Lateritic Nicke
Fatih Celalettin Türkmen, Gürkan Oymak
In this study, the leaching behaviour of a lateritic nickel ore sample containing 1.87% Ni, obtained from the Karaçam deposit in Eskişehir, Turkey, was investigated using HCl and HCl-C2H5OH-H2O media. The objective was to determine the optimum leaching conditions by analyzing the impacts of variables such as acid concentration, temperature, and reaction time on the leaching process. Leaching tests
The Complementary Aspects of Ion-Exchange Resins and Solvent Extraction in Copper Recovery Processes
Stefan Neufeind, G. Savov
A complementary ion exchange/solvent extraction process for the recovery of copper from low-grade ores developed by Iontech Engineering Ltd. is described. It has successfully been implemented on a full-scale plant level at the Buchim Copper Mine in Macedonia, yielding a maximum copper cathode production of 2400 tonnes per year. Technical and economic aspects of three years of operational experienc
A Major Advance in Liquid Ion Exchange Technology
Minerals Industries and Research Groups
In early 1970, General Mills Chemicals, Inc. announced the introduction of an improved liquid ion exchange reagent, LIX 64N, aimed at enhancing copper recovery from various solutions, including dump leach liquors. This paper presents a summary of performance results following its implementation, highlighting its effectiveness and selectivity compared to its predecessor, LIX 64. The methodology inv
Byproduct Uranium Recovered With New Ion Exchange Techniques
D. R. GEORGE, J. R. ROSS
In the United States, nearly 200,000 tons of copper are produced annually through the leaching of waste rock and oxidized copper ore using dilute sulfuric acid-ferric sulfate solutions. As part of a study by the U.S. Bureau of Mines, various mining operations in Arizona, Utah, and Nevada revealed that leach solutions often contain uranium in concentrations ranging from 2 to 15 ppm. This raises the
ION EXCHANGE FOR IRON IMPURITY CONTROL IN THE BASE METAL INDUSTRY
R. Shaw, S. Vance
The mining industry has generally been slow to apply ion exchange processes to hydrometallurgical applications even if ion exchange offers an ideal solution for a particular problem. Two notable exceptions are in gold and uranium recovery. The largest application of ion exchange in the metals processing industry has been the use of resin-in-pulp (RIP) for gold recovery as an alternative to activat
Continuous Ion Exchange
R. McNeill, E. A. Swinton
In recent years, the application of synthetic ion exchange resins has gained traction across various industries beyond water treatment. This study aims to develop a continuous countercurrent exchange process, addressing the complexities that arise from alterations in operating conditions. Employing theoretical stage theory and an innovative graphical method, the research simplifies predictability
RECOVERY OF NICKEL BY LIQUID ION EXCHANGE TECHNOLOGY
C. R. Merigold, R. B. Sudderth
Greater emphasis is being placed on recovering nickel from laterite ores by ammonia leaching techniques. New methods are required for lower cost, non-polluting techniques to separate more efficiently the metals of interest. Liquid ion exchange techniques meet these requirements with the added advantage of producing salable electrowon nickel cathodes at the plant site. This study presents a complet
Ion Exchange in Hydrometallurgy
M Streat
This paper provides a comprehensive overview of the ion exchange (IX) technology and its historical significance in hydrometallurgy. It explores the evolution of IX applications, beginning from its ancient references to its modern synthetic resin forms used in metal recovery processes. The objective is to illustrate the diversity and effectiveness of IX in extracting valuable metals, including ura
Selective Separation of Iron from Simulated Nickel Leach Solutions Using Ion Exchange Technology
René A. Silva, Yahui Zhang
The separation of Fe(III) from simulated Ni(II) solutions using different ion exchange resins was studied to improve nickel recovery in hydrometallurgical processes. The objective was to identify the most effective resin type and dosage for optimal iron separation. Various cation exchangers with sulfonic and carboxylic groups, along with chelating resins containing iminodiacetic, aminophosphonic,
Use of Continuous Ion Exchange For Removal of Environmental Contaminants From Waste Streams
M. J. Slater, B. H. Lucas
This study evaluates the application of continuous ion exchange technology for the removal of environmental contaminants from industrial waste streams. The objective is to assess the effectiveness of this method in treating polluted liquids generated by chemical processes. A systematic methodology was employed, which included designing a continuous ion exchange system, optimizing operational param