Extraction
Browse 60 curated documents about extraction in The Archive — the 2RA-Edition digital library for engineering and scientific research. This collection of books, journal articles, theses, reports, and technical documents on extraction spans extractive metallurgy, mining engineering, chemistry, and applied science. Every document is searchable in full text; sign in to read, download, ask AI questions about any document, or generate cited research drafts with the AI Researcher.
ETUDE COMPARATIVE ENTRE LE LIX984N ET L’ACORGA COMME EXTRACTANT ORGANIQUE EN VUE D’AMÉLIORER LES CONDITIONS D’EXTRACTION PAR SOLVANT AUX USINES DE LUILU
MWEMA MASENGO Dieudonné, Paulin KABANGA TSHOTA
Ce travail présente les résultats d’une étude comparative entre deux extractants de cuivre produit par deux firmes différentes. Il s'agit du LIX984N et l'Acorga, lesquels sont utilisées dans le circuit d’extraction par solvant des usines de Luilu. Cette comparaison s'est faite sur le pouvoir d'extraction et le rendement de stripage dans les mêmes conditions. Le ratio phase organique/phase aqueuse
Etude de l‘impact de la r
B, K
Cette étude vise à examiner l'impact de l'acide total dans le processus de lixiviation visant l'extraction de cuivre, de fer et d'aluminium, tout en analysant également la consommation d'acide dans la gestion des résidus après la récupération de l'uranium. La recherche a été menée à travers des expériences de laboratoire où différents essais de lixiviation ont été réalisés pour observer l'effet de
Etude expérimentale sur la lixiviation en cuve agitée du minerai de Kakanda
Boss Mining, Kakanda
Dans le souci de valoriser la fraction fine du minerai de Kakanda -Est de Boss Mining, une étude expérimentale sur la lixiviation en cuve agitée a été réalisée, ainsi qu’une simulation de l’opération d’extraction par solvant à l’usine de Boss 50. L’objectif des essais de lixiviation était d’optimiser les paramètres opératoires, tels que pH, temps de lixiviation, densité de pulpe et vitesse d’agita
MÉTALLURGIE EXTRACTIVE : NICKEL
AMANDA SAYURI DE SOUZA NAKATA, EDUARDO WILYAM PEREIRA LIMA
Cette étude aborde les différents procédés d'extraction métallurgique du nickel, en mettant l'accent sur les méthodes appliquées dans le contexte brésilien. L'objectif principal est d'explorer et d'analyser les techniques de production de concentrés de nickel à partir de minerais sulfureux, tout en considérant les aspects environnementaux associés. La méthodologie consiste à examiner les processus
Control of Copper Loss in Flash Smelting Slag
Karen Cornejo, Mao Chen
The pyrometallurgical route is a primary method for copper extraction from Cu–Fe–S ores, where the concentrate undergoes partial oxidation to form a Cu-rich matte, while impurities are relegated to the slag. This study aims to optimize the smelting process by minimizing copper loss in the slag, which is critical for improving recovery rates. High-temperature experiments were conducted to investiga
Thermal Spray Coating of Polymeric Composite Materials for De-icing and Anti-icing Applications
Alireza Rahimi
This study addresses the challenges in text extraction from heavily distorted academic documents. The objective is to analyze the limitations of current optical character recognition technologies when applied to images with significant artifacts. A combination of qualitative observations and quantitative assessments was employed to evaluate the efficacy of various extraction methodologies on commo
Hydrometallurgical copper extraction from hematite-dominated copper ore
T. J. Ayodele, A. A. Daniyan
Copper extraction has mainly been via electrometallurgy or pyrometallurgy which are energy consuming. The study focuses on the copper extraction from hematite dominated copper ore deposit at Akiri town in Nasarawa state, Nigeria using economical hydrometallurgical processes for the recovery of copper at high purity. The experiments carried out in this work includes: chemical and mineralogical char
Lithium Extraction Methodology and Recovery from Conventional Resources: A Critical Review
Himyan Mohammed Akbar, Salma Habib
Lithium recovery from various primary sources, such as brine, ores, seawater, and clay, or secondary resources that include lithium-ion batteries (LIB) and lithium-ion metal oxide batteries (LIMOB) poses a challenge due to the complexity of the extraction processes. This review aims to examine recent advancements in lithium extraction and recovery from both primary and secondary sources. It provid
EVALUATION COMPARATIVE DES PERFORMANCES DES EXTRAITANTS LIX984N-C ET OPT4455 (Cas de la raffinerie de Luilu/KCC)
SIKUJUWA POMBO Sharon, MASIALA Jacob
Ce présent travail analyse les performances des extractants OPT 4455 et Lix 984 N-C dans des conditions de températures extrêmes à la raffinerie de Luilu/KCC SA. La raffinerie fait face à un problème avec les échangeurs de chaleur, entraînant une sortie de l’électrolyte pauvre à des températures pouvant atteindre 50 °C, au lieu de 45 °C. Cette élévation de température provoque une dégradation accé
Hydrometallurgical Process to Extract Niobium from Tin Slag Through Alkaline Treatment and Sulfuric Acid Leaching
Franco Garjulli, Juliana Mendes de Oliveira
Niobium and tantalum are critical metals that are important for technological development. Their main applications are in the production of alloys for the civil construction, electronics, nuclear, and aerospace industries, and in catalysis. Tin reduction slag is a possible secondary source of niobium and tantalum, containing 3.7% and 0.5% of Nb and Ta, respectively. The slag matrix is mainly compo
Selective Extraction of Nickel and Cobalt from Limonitic Laterite via Optimized Sulfation Roasting–Water Leaching and Solvent Extraction
Maryam Osali, Farid Ahani
Limonitic laterites typically contain low Ni and Co contents and significant impurities, making the development of technical and economically feasible processes challenging. To address this challenge, this study investigates and evaluates an integrated hydrometallurgical process comprising sulfation roasting, water leaching, and solvent extraction (SX) for the selective recovery of Ni and Co from
Geometallurgy of uranium deposits
R.J. Bowell, J. Grogan
Mineralogical controls exert significant control over the extraction of uranium from its ores. Uranium speciation, associated mineralogy, deportment and uranium mineral availability are all factors for consideration when assessing leachability. This study presents data from laboratory uranium extractions undertaken on several contrasting uranium ores from a wide range of orebodies. The results pro
Leaching of Mine Tailings Flotation Fractions Using Inorganic and Organic Acids for Metals Extraction
Tamara Azevedo Schueler, Luka N. Mettke
Mine tailings, a substantial global waste stream, often contain recyclable metals with economic and environmental potential. This study focuses on the Rammelsberg mine’s Bollrich tailings pond, where residues from more than 50 years of mining and flotation processes pose contamination risks due to heavy metals. Building on prior projects aimed at recovering valuable metals from these tailings, thi
Sustainable Leaching of Cu, Ni, and Au from Waste Printed Circuit Boards Using Choline Chloride-Based Deep Eutectic Solvents
Sara Saffaj, Diego Mantovani
Electronic waste (e-waste) is becoming a serious problem that impacts the environment due to its fast-growing volume. This rise is linked to high electronic and electrical equipment production to meet the increasing demand for high-end electronic devices. Conventional e-waste recycling approaches, including hydrometallurgy and pyrometallurgy, often involve substantial water and energy consumption
Thermodynamic Investigation on the Impact of Oxidized Copper–Cobalt and Copper Sulfide Ores Stream Mixture Toward the Dissolution of Cu and Co
Bienvenu Mbuya, Elvis Fosso‑Kankeu
The mineralogical characteristics of Copperbelt ores undergo continuous stratigraphic changes due to ongoing mining activities and weathering changes. These variabilities in mineralogy lead to drastically different behaviors in hydrometallurgical processing during the recovery of Cu and Co. Consequently, the technologies currently used in several hydrometallurgical industries have demonstrated the
Reactivity of a plagioclase concentrate from the South African Bushveld Igneous Complex via extractive acid leaching vs. extractive roasting‑leaching processes
Sameera Mohamed, Elizabet M. van der Merwe
This study compared the reactivity of a plagioclase concentrate subjected to two processes: (1) direct acid leaching and (2) thermochemical treatment with ammonium sulfate followed by leaching. The sample was prepared from coarse-grained pyroxenite rock retrieved from the Bushveld Igneous Complex, South Africa. It contained 78% plagioclase (labradorite), 9% orthopyroxene (enstatite) and 13% quartz
Implementation of Solvometallurgical Processing in the Recovery of Valuable Metals from a Sulfide Ore
Lusa Lwa Vidie Kishiko, Willie Nheta
It has been demonstrated that the traditional hydrometallurgical method is still economically viable in several industrial applications such as Bayer, Boix, Platsol, Sherrit-Gordon, and so on. The conventional extraction technique of valuable metals from their ores using an aqua medium has several challenges. The following can be listed for the illustration of this: (1) Inorganic acids used during
Utilization of Converter Slag from Nickel Production by Hydrometallurgical Method
Alexander G. Kasikov, Elena A. Shchelokova
The possibility of hydrometallurgical processing of converter slag from nickel production aimed at integrated use of mineral raw materials and environmental protection is shown. The scheme of hydrometallurgical processing of slag using hydrochloric acid is proposed. The method involves leaching the slag with hydrochloric acid in the presence of ferric ions. The high values of iron and nonferrous m
Extraction of Copper from Chalcopyrite Using Alkaline Glycine–Ammonia Solutions
Zixian Deng, Elsayed Oraby
Chalcopyrite is well known as being refractory to conventional leaching approaches at atmospheric pressure. The current study investigated a hybrid approach using aqueous ammonia as a pH modifier for glycine-based lixiviant systems to leach copper from chalcopyrite while maintaining surface refreshment using ceramic media at room temperature. The glycine–ammonia system exhibited significantly bett
Palladium(II) Recovery from Hydrochloric Acid Solutions by N,N′-Dimethyl-N,N′-Dibutylthiodiglycolamide
Ana Paula Paiva, Má rio E. Martins
N,N′-dimethyl-N,N′-dibutylthiodiglycolamide (DMDBTDGA) has been synthesized, characterized, and is investigated in this work as a potential liquid-liquid extractant for palladium(II), platinum(IV), and rhodium(III) from hydrochloric acid solutions. Pd(II) is the only ion which is efficiently removed by DMDBTDGA in toluene from 1.5 M to 4.5 M HCl, but it is not extracted from 7.5 M HCl. Pd(II) stri
Preparation of High Purity V2O5 from a Typical Low-Grade Refractory Stone Coal Using a Pyro-Hydrometallurgical Process
Xiao Yang, Yimin Zhang
The recovery of vanadium from a typical low-grade refractory stone coal was investigated using a pyro-hydrometallurgical process specifically including blank roasting, acid leaching, solvent extraction, and chemical precipitation. The appropriate role of parameters in each process was analyzed in detail. Roasting temperature and roasting time during the roasting process showed a significant effect
Modeling of REE and Fe Extraction from a Concentrate from Araxá (Brazil)
Marisa Nascimento, Flávio Lemos
The study aimed to employ a comprehensive methodology for the acid processing of a rare earth element (REE) concentrate obtained from the ore from Araxá (MG-Brazil). The most important process variables have been identified and their levels determined to maximize REE extraction (%RE) and minimize Fe extraction (%Fe). The thermodynamic analysis showed that the roasting temperature (TF) is crucial f
Optimization of processing costs could improve the cost-competitiveness of lithium extraction from clay relative to conventional sources of brines and hard rock ores
Jannis Wesselkaemper, Thomas P. Hendrickson
This study explores the optimization of processing costs related to lithium extraction from clay, aiming to enhance its cost-competitiveness compared to traditional sources such as brines and hard rock ores. The objective was to identify and assess various cost-reduction scenarios, focusing on the levelized costs associated with different leaching methods, including hydrochloric acid leaching and
Hydrometallurgical Extraction of Aluminum and Rare-Earth Elements (REEs) from REE-Bearing Bauxite Ores: Recent Advances
TURAN UYSAL, YAYAT IMAN SUPR_IYATNA
Rare-earth elements (REEs) are geologically widespread, but their mining and processing are concentrated in a limited number of countries. As demand for these elements rises, specific REEs may experience supply shortages. Various countries are exploring the production of REEs from secondary sources such as high-silica bauxite ore, given their economic potential and sustainability benefits. This st
Lithium Recovery from a Clay-Type Ore by Pressure Leaching Oxidation: A Kinetic Study
Guadalupe Lizeth Leyva-Soriano, Jesús Leobardo Valenzuela-García
The increasing demand for lithium in energy storage technologies has renewed interest in clay-type deposits as alternative resources to brines and hard rock ores. This study investigates the leaching behavior of a Mexican clay-type lithium ore through conventional, hot, and pressure leaching using sulfuric acid. Mineralogical characterization (XRD and SEM–EDS) revealed that montmorillonite (~56 wt
Technological Research of Zinc Extraction from Elazığ Simitsonite Ore
Hasan Nizamoğlu, M Deniz Turan
This study investigates the recovery of zinc from simitsonite (ZnCO3) ore sourced from Elazığ, Turkey, with the objective of determining optimum extraction conditions. Utilizing a series of leaching experiments, the research employs techniques such as sieving and chemical analysis by ICP OES. key parameters such as H2SO4 concentration, leaching time, leaching temperature, liquid-solid ratio, and p
Evaluation of an unsymmetrical dialkylphosphinic acid INET-3 for cobalt and nickel extraction and separation from sulfate solutions
Jiashuai Fu, Wen Xu
Cobalt and nickel are important strategic resources. Solvent extraction is an efficient way to separate and recover cobalt and nickel from spent batteries like ternary LIBs, NiMH, and Ni-Cd batteries. In this paper, we introduce an unsymmetrical dialkylphosphinic acid INET-3 – which possesses excellent extraction and separation performance for heavy REEs – to cobalt/nickel separation for the first
Microwave-assisted fluidized sulfate roasting of zinnwaldite for enhanced lithium extraction: Phase transformation and reaction mechanism
Qingbin Liu, Shuai Yuan
To address the limitations of conventional sulfate roasting for lithium extraction from zinnwaldite, including high roasting temperature, long roasting duration, and high energy consumption, a microwave-assisted fluidized roasting-water leaching process was proposed in this study. The effects of roasting temperature, roasting time, Na2SO4 dosage, and CaO dosage on Li leaching efficiency were syste
Effects of air temperature on the physicochemical properties and flavor compounds of roasted red ginseng lateral roots in a jet impingement fluidized bed roaster
Hye-Ran Cho, Seon-Yu Kim
This study aimed to improve the availability of red ginseng lateral roots by applying air jet impingement fluidized bed roasting as a novel processing technology. The effects of air temperature (150 °C, 160 °C, 170 °C, 180 °C, 190 °C, and 200 °C) on the physicochemical properties and flavor compounds of red ginseng lateral roots were investigated. The air roasting time and velocity of the jet impi
The Extractive Metallurgy of Gold
J. C. Yannopoulos
The extractive metallurgy of gold is a comprehensive exploration of the methods and processes involved in the extraction and recovery of gold from various ores. The objective of this work is to provide an extensive overview of the physical and chemical properties of gold, the types of ores containing it, and the innovative techniques employed in its extraction. A thorough methodology is presented
BROMINATION ROASTING OF RARE EARTH OXIDES
Bryce D. Ruffier, Daniel W. Gaede
The Metallurgical and Materials Engineering Department at Montana Tech is investigating various methods of extracting and refining rare earth elements from mineral ores and concentrates. As part of this research, an elevated temperature roasting process has been evaluated as a means of converting the rare earth elements contained in various matrices to bromides as a pretreatment step in preparatio
Experimental Investigation of Steam Pressure Coffee Extraction in a Stove-top Coffee Maker
L. Navarini, E. Nobile
The most common household brewing method in Italy makes use of a stove-top coffee-maker known as moka. This device utilizes steam pressure from an autoclave-type aluminum kettle to force water through a coffee bed in a funnel-shaped filter. Despite the widespread use of moka, there has been a lack of detailed analysis, leading to common misconceptions about its operation, including the mistaken be
A new methodology to estimate the steady-state permeability of roast and ground coffee in packed beds
B.R. Corrochano, J.R. Melrose
In an espresso-style extraction hot water (90 ± 5°C) is driven through a coffee packed bed by a pressure gradient to extract soluble material from the coffee matrix. Permeability is a key parameter affecting extraction as it determines the flow rate through the bed and hence brewing and residence time. This may alter bed-to-cup mass transfer and therefore impact brew quality. In this work a method
CONTRIBUTION A L’AVANT-PROJET D’AMELIORATION DE PARAMETRES DU TRAIN 4 DU CIRCUIT LG A L’EXTRACTION PAR SOLVANT. «CAS DE KCC»
TSHIPAPA NAKAHUJI Yvette, Jacob MASIALA
Ce travail porte sur l’avant-projet d’amélioration des paramètres du Train 4 à l’extraction par solvant (SX). L’objectif principal est d’étudier les différents paramètres influençant l’efficacité du processus SX et de proposer des solutions pour optimiser les performances du nouveau train, tout en tenant compte des trois trains existants, afin de maximiser le rendement. La première phase de l’étud
EVALUATION DE L'IMPACT DE LA VARIATION DES PARAMETRES HYDROMETALLURGIQUES SUR LE RENDEMENT D'EXTRACTION PAR SOLVANT DU CUIVRE. « Cas du SX4 de Mutanda Mining »
MKEINA MWEPU Benjamin
Ce travail vise à évaluer l'impact de la variation des paramètres hydrométallurgiques sur le rendement d'extraction par solvant du cuivre, en se concentrant sur le cas spécifique de la SX4 de Mutanda Mining. L'objectif principal est de déterminer comment différents facteurs influencent le processus d'extraction du cuivre afin d'optimiser le rendement ainsi que l'efficacité des méthodes utilisées.
Mass transfer
Jamin Koo
This document presents a comprehensive overview of mass transfer, with a specific focus on leaching and extraction processes widely used in the chemical engineering field. The objective of the lecture is to educate students on the effectiveness and application of leaching as a separation method compared to other techniques, such as distillation. The methodology involves a detailed analysis of the
A new Leaching System, Sheta Extractor
M. E. Sheta
This study introduces a novel leaching system known as the Sheta Extractor, designed to address the technical challenges of moving crushed solid ores against leaching solutions in a continuous countercurrent manner. The primary objective was to develop a practical solution for efficient uranium leaching from a coarse-grained fraction of uranium mineralized granite. The methodology involved a uniqu
Solution Mining A review
D. D. Rabb
This paper discusses solution mining, a method originally defined for the dissolution of soluble salts, which has evolved to encompass various techniques including heap leaching and in-place leaching. The objective is to review the expanded definition and application of solution mining, particularly for low-grade minerals and waste recovery. The methodology involves analyzing the chemical processe
Extraction of Rare Earth Elements from Aqueous Solutions by Using Hydrometallurgical Techniques
Tamer Utku Bektas
Rare earth elements (REEs) are essential for a variety of technological applications, prompting the need for efficient extraction methods from aqueous solutions. This thesis aims to investigate hydrometallurgical techniques for the extraction of REEs, optimizing conditions for maximum recovery. The methodology involves a comprehensive literature review coupled with experimental procedures, where v
Advances in Lithium Extraction from Spodumene: Alternatives to Sulfuric Acid Digestion
Esmaeil Jorjani, Jessica Sauvageau
Conventional lithium extraction from spodumene via sulfuric acid roasting can achieve up to 98% recovery but suffers from high energy use, acidic residues, and purification complexity. This review evaluates alternative methods for both α- and β-spodumene, aiming for improved sustainability. For α-spodumene, Na2SO4–CaO salt roasting achieved >95% recovery at 900 ◦C via water leaching. Sodium carbon
Li Extraction from a-Spodumene Concentrate via Carbonizing Calcination
Katerina Maliachova, Nikolaos Doukas
The conventional lithium extraction method involves the calcination of a-spodumene at 1050 ◦C so that it can be converted to the more-reactive b-spodumene and then a sulfuric acid roasting step at 250 ◦C. Lithium is finally extracted via leaching with water. This method is energy-intensive, leading to high capital and operational costs. In this study, the direct calcination of a-spodumene with the
Extraction and Recovery of Metals from Spent HDS Catalysts: Lab- and Pilot-Scale Results of the Overall Process
Nertil Xhaferaj, Francesco Ferella
The present study proposes an overall recycling process for spent hydrodesulfurization (HDS) catalysts. The process put together stages already known in the technical literature, tested again with samples coming from the roasting stage in a pilot kiln, which is the most limiting stage of metal recovery from spent catalysts. These catalysts contain valuable metals such as cobalt (Co), molybdenum (M
EXTRACTION OF NICKEL AND COBALT FROM LATERITIC ORES BY NITRIC ACID
Onur Saka
This thesis study is related to the extraction kinetics of nickel and cobalt from lateritic nickel ores from the Gördes/Manisa region of Turkey. The experimental studies involved the optimization of extraction conditions using nitric acid as the leaching agent. The research aimed to evaluate the efficiency of metal extraction and to establish the optimal conditions for the maximum recovery of nick
Leaching analysis of copper and cobalt from sulfide ores in sulfuric acid- sodium chloride media.
KASONGO Brest, Mamookho Elizabeth Makhatha
This dissertation investigates the leaching behavior of copper and cobalt from sulfide ores using a sulfuric acid-sodium chloride media. The objective of the study is to evaluate the efficiency of the leaching process and to identify the optimal conditions for the extraction of these metals. A comprehensive experimental methodology was employed, involving the preparation of sulfide ore samples, fo
Solvometallurgy: An Emerging Branch of Extractive Metallurgy
Koen Binnemans, Peter Tom Jones
This position paper introduces the reader to the concept of solvometallurgy, the term used to describe the extraction of metals from ores, industrial process residues, production scrap, and urban waste using non-aqueous solutions. Here, non-aqueous is not used to imply anhydrous, but rather a low water content. The unit operations include solvent leaching, separation of the residue, purification o
Insight into the Extractive Metallurgy of Tin from Cassiterite
Allen Yushark Fosu, Danièle Bartier
This review details both the conventional and emerging methods of extracting tin from cassiterite. The emerging methods reviewed include sulphuric acid leaching of SnO, cooling crystallization of SnO, sulphide leaching, alkaline leaching, and dry chlorination. From these methods, the conventional approach (direct reduction smelting) stands out as the sole method that is suitable for industrial app
Direct extraction of lithium from ores by electrochemical leaching
Hanrui Zhang, Ying Han
With the rapid increase in lithium consumption for electric vehicle applications, its price has soared during the past decade. To secure a reliable and cost-effective supply chain, it is critical to unlock alternative lithium extraction resources beyond conventional brine. This study develops an electrochemical method to directly leach lithium from α-phase spodumene. The use of an H2O2 promoter si
Interactions of molten salts with cathode products in the FFC Cambridge Process
George Z. Chen
Molten salts play multiple important roles in the electrolysis of solid metal compounds, particularly oxides and sulfides, for the extraction of metals or alloys. Some of these roles are positive in assisting the extraction of metals, such as dissolving the oxide or sulfide anions, transporting them to the anode for discharging, and offering the high temperature to lower the kinetic barrier to bre
Study on the Synergistic Extraction of Lithium from Spent Lithium Cobalt Oxide Batteries by Molten Salt Electrolysis and Two-Step Precipitation Method
Hui Li, Haotian Li
With the continuous development of society, the number of spent lithium-ion batteries has also increased, and the recovery of valuable metals such as Ni, Co, and Li has become the main research direction of many scholars. In this paper, the extraction process of lithium that enters the molten salt after LiCoO2 electrolysis is studied. Oxalic acid and phosphate are added to molten salt containing l
Influence of Electrolyte Impurities from E-Waste Electrorefining on Copper Extraction Recovery
Jovana Djoki´ c, Dragana Radovanovi´ c
In order to reflect possible issues in future sole e-waste processing, an electrolyte of complex chemical composition reflecting the system of sole e-waste processing was obtained by following a specially designed pyro-electrometallurgical method. The obtained non-standard electrolyte was further used for the purpose of comprehensive metal interference evaluation on the copper solvent extraction (
Electrolysis of a molten semiconductor
Huayi Yin, Brice Chung
This study addresses the limitations of traditional electrolysis methods for extracting metals from transition-metal sulfides due to their semiconductor nature. The objective was to develop a high-throughput electro-desulfurization process to convert molten stibnite (Sb2S3) into pure liquid antimony and sulfur vapor. The methodology involved introducing a distinct secondary electrolyte that preven
Solvometallurgy: An Emerging Branch of Extractive Metallurgy
Koen Binnemans, Peter Tom Jones
This position paper introduces the reader to the concept of solvometallurgy, the term used to describe the extraction of metals from ores, industrial process residues, production scrap, and urban waste using non-aqueous solutions. The paper discusses the key unit operations involved in solvometallurgy, including solvent leaching, residue separation, leach solution purification using non-aqueous me
Bismuth Extraction and Refining in the Critical-Minerals Era: A Critical Review from Primary Ores to Circular Secondary Resources
Subash Chandra Bose Rapaka, Rajesh Kumar Sivasankaran Nair
This review explores the methods and challenges associated with bismuth extraction and refining within the context of critical minerals. The objective is to assess the current state of technology and highlight pathways towards sustainable practices in bismuth procurement. A comprehensive methodology encompassing an analysis of primary ores and circular secondary resources is employed, including an
Design of Manganese removal circuit in the Cobalt bleeding solution by solvent extraction with D2EHPA : Kinetic limitations
Kafumbila Kasonta Joseph
It has been known for over thirty years that the extractant D2EHPA is effective for separating cobalt and manganese. Unfortunately, D2EHPA extracts calcium to the same extent as manganese. Consequently, in industrial practice, when D2EHPA is used to separate manganese and cobalt in the presence of calcium, stripping is performed using hydrochloric acid to prevent gypsum precipitation. Pilot plant
TP technologies de batterie
Mardoché Mutombo
Les batteries jouent un rôle crucial dans la transition énergétique, mais leur cycle de vie soulève d'importants enjeux environnementaux. Cet article vise à analyser les impacts environnementaux des batteries, en se concentrant sur les étapes d'extraction des ressources, de fabrication, d'usage et de fin de vie. La méthodologie repose sur une revue de la littérature et une synthèse des données dis
Production of three pure solutions of Cobalt, Nickel and Magnesium from a solution containing these elements and saturated with calcium by solvent extraction with Cyanex 272
Kafumbila Kasonta Joseph
Over the past thirty years, we have gained more experience in the use of Cyanex 272 extractant in the production of high purity cobalt solution. Intensive pilot plant testing has contributed significantly to increasing our experience in using Cyanex 272 as a Cobalt extractant. Optimizing parameters through pilot plant tests is expensive. This is how our company developed a simulation model of the
REMOVAL OF HEAVY METAL FROM AQUEOUS WASTEWATER BY EMULSION LIQUID MEMBRANE
Ms. P. A. Mahakal, Prof. R. S. Deshpande
Extraction and recovery of heavy metal from wastewater using Liquid Membrane technology is more efficient than methods such as precipitation that form sludge that needs to be disposed in landfills. A green emulsion liquid membrane (ELM) has been formulated in this work using an environmental-friendly refined palm oil as the main diluent of ELM to recover zinc ions from aqueous waste solution using
Opportunities and challenges in supported liquid membrane technology for heavy metal extraction and recovery: a review
Lai Yee Lee, Norhashimah Morad
The present paper is an extended review on supported liquid membrane (SLM) for extraction and recovery of heavy metals, followed by the problems encountered during implementations and its potential outlooks for future applications. SLM technology integrates the processes of extraction, transport and re-extraction of heavy metals in a single continual system and has been proven with promising poten
Membrane processes for the efficient recovery of anionic pollutants
Inmaculada Ortiz, Eugenio Bringas
The development of new “zero discharge” technologies which also permit the recovery of pollutant anions from industrial waste waters is a way of minimizing the cost of the processes and the impact on the environment. The kinetic behaviour of the removal and recovery of two different anionic pollutants is reported using membrane-based solvent extraction technologies: (1) recovery of hexavalent chro
DIRECT BIOLEACHING OF ZINC USING manihot esculenta crantz (cassava) EXTRACT WITHOUT ADDITIVES
Ajibola, O. O., Adebayo, A. O.
The advent and development of new technologies that will provide better yields, cleaner, and a safer environment is a global challenge for researchers. This study reports the direct bioleaching of zinc sourced from Abakaliki-Ishiagwu complex zinc sulphide ore deposit, primarily consisting of sphalerite ore. The extraction process includes mineral comminution, froth flotation, and roasting. Agro-cy