Flotation
Browse 60 curated documents about flotation in The Archive — the 2RA-Edition digital library for engineering and scientific research. This collection of books, journal articles, theses, reports, and technical documents on flotation spans extractive metallurgy, mining engineering, chemistry, and applied science. Every document is searchable in full text; sign in to read, download, ask AI questions about any document, or generate cited research drafts with the AI Researcher.
Application and mechanism of amidoxime modification 2025 Colloids and Surfac
Jianyu Xue, Yingchun Li
Recycled acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (rABS) and recycled high impact polystyrene (rHIPS) are two common types of plastics found in Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE). Due to their hydrophobic nature, separating these two plastics by flotation is a challenging task. This paper proposed a pioneering amidoxime modification for the flotation separation of rABS and rHIPS. In flotation
ÉTUDE DE LA FLOTTATION DU MÉLANGE À PART ÉGALE DES MINERAIS SULFURES PAUVRES DE MINES DE KANSOKO ET KAMOA ONE (CAS DU CONCENTRATEUR DE KAMOA ONE)
ILUNGA NSENGA Gloire, NGOY Jacob Masiala
La présente étude porte sur la flottabilité des minerais sulfurés pauvres provenant des stockpiles de Kansoko et de Kamoa One, au sein du concentrateur de Kamoa Copper. Elle s’inscrit dans le contexte de la valorisation des minerais à faible teneur en cuivre, dont le traitement constitue un enjeu à la fois économique, métallurgique et environnemental. L’objectif principal était de déterminer les c
Metallurgical performance of a next generation coarse particle flotation cell in sulfide ore processing
Marly Carvalho, Cagri Emer
This study evaluates the performance of a novel coarse particle flotation (CPF) cell that operates using a froth-feeding mechanism, designed to simplify operation relative to fluidized-bed systems and to enhance coarse mineral recovery without requiring feed pre-classification or fluidization. Laboratory tests were conducted on copper – gold ore using two feed size distributions: a non-classified
Up-scaling of froth flotation equipment
C.R. Boeree
The up-scaling of flotation equipment has been investigated based on comparisons between laboratory, pilot and industrial scale flotation tests and a characterization study of large-scale industrial flotation cells in Boliden’s Aitik copper mine in Northern Sweden. The use of high volume flotation cells has nowadays become more and more common to deal with the production of high capacity, low-grad
FACULTY OF TECHNOLOGY
Sageenthan Anantharaja, Saija Luukkanen
An effective classification system for the grinding circuit is a critical prerequisite to controlling circulating load, excessive generation of fines, and ultimately, stable flotation performance. This thesis investigated the effect of injecting water at the apex of a hydrocyclone (Cyclowash, CW) on hydrocyclone classification in the industrial autogenous (AG) grinding circuit at the Boliden Kevit
ALTIN KAZANIMINDA FLAŞ FLOTASYON VE GRAVİTE İLE
Emre Erkan, Zafir Ekmekçi
Altın ve altına bağlı sülfür minerallerinin geri kazanılması çok aşamalı kazanım işlemi gerekmektedir. Bu çalışmada, gravite ve flaş flotasyon proseslerinin performansları karşılaştırılarak, altın kazanım süreçlerine etkileri incelenmiştir. Laboratuvar ölçeğinde gerçekleştirilen modelleme simülasyon çalışmaları, farklı akım şemaları üzerinde yapılmıştır. Standart GRG, flaş ve kaba flotasyon kineti
Assessing the Effect of Cone Ration, Feed Solids Concentration and Viscosity on Hydrocyclone Performance
Pharaoh Muzanenhamo
In the mineral processing industry, comminution circuits contain slurries composed of a mixture of particles of varying degrees of liberation and size. Hydrocyclones are commonly used to classify these particles. If the classification stage is not efficient, both grinding and flotation cannot be optimised or operated efficiently. Ores that are mined in industry contain metals of varying specific g
First Announcement:Layout 1
J.D. Grobler, J.B. Bosman
This paper explores the performance measurement of heavy mineral gravity separators, focusing on the limitations of current methodologies that primarily assess grade and recovery of valuable heavy minerals. The objective is to introduce findings from Qemscan® particle mineral analysis (PMA) as an alternative approach. A detailed methodology is discussed, highlighting the significance of considerin
Master's Thesis Template
Kelechi Benedict Ezurike, Saija Luukkanen
This master's thesis investigates the dry or waterless processing of minerals from mine to mill, focusing on optimizing mineral separation techniques. The objective is to explore various dry processing methodologies to enhance efficiency and reduce environmental impact. The methodology includes a comprehensive analysis of mineralogy, the effects of different dry comminution methods, and the applic
Etude de la synergies de deux collecteurs sécondaires (AM810 et METCOL11) sur la performance de la flotation des minérais sulfurés cas de Kinsenda Copper Company
MAKINA KATOMA Marcel, ILUNGA MUTOMBO
Cette étude vise à analyser les synergies de deux collecteurs secondaires, AM810 et METCOL11, sur la performance de la flottation des minerais sulfurés dans le cas de Kinsenda Copper Company. L'objectif est d'évaluer l'impact de ces collecteurs sur le rendement métallurgique et la récupération des métaux précieux. Pour ce faire, des essais de flottation ont été réalisés en laboratoire, en variant
Recovery of valuable metals from copper slags as secondary resources: Selected laboratory-scale case studies
Fatma Arslan, Gülay Bulut
Pyrometallurgical extraction of metallic copper from copper concentrates generates several by-products, among which copper slag constitutes one of the most voluminous solid residues. These slags are generally composed of iron oxides, silica, calcium oxide, alumina, and varying amounts of unrecovered copper. Despite their common disposal by stockpiling or use as landfill material, copper slags may
A Case Study on the Mineralogical Origins of Zinc Misreporting to an Industrial Pyrite Concentrate and Its Mitigation by Regrinding-Assisted Flotation
Shiqi Liu, Long Niu
The selective separation of sphalerite from Fe-bearing sulphides remains a persistent challenge in the flotation of complex sulphide ores and can lead to Zn misreporting to Fe-bearing concentrates. This study aimed to identify the origins of Zn misreporting to a pyrite concentrate and to evaluate whether regrinding-assisted flotation could mitigate Zn misreporting. XRF, XRD, zinc phase analysis, f
Modeling and Simulation of the Flotation Process in the Treatment of Critical Raw Materials
Jakub Kurty, Michal Marcin
Flotation is one of the most widely used separation methods in mineral processing, and its performance is strongly influenced by complex physicochemical and hydrodynamic conditions. This study investigates the application of laboratory-derived flotation kinetic models for the simulation of a pilot-scale flotation circuit treating a polymetallic sulfide ore containing critical raw materials. Labora
Valorization of Feldspar Processing Tailings by Flotation: Effects of Reagent Scheme, Flotation Cell and Bubble Size
Sükriye Beste Aydın, Gülşah Güven
This study investigates the potential for recovering valuable minerals from feldspar tailings generated during industrial processing and commonly discarded as waste, causing both economic losses and environmental concerns. A hydrocyclone overflow sample obtained from a feldspar processing plant in the Muğla region of Türkiye was characterized and evaluated for the production of a marketable feldsp
Optimizing the Flotation Recovery of Chromite and Olivine: A Comparative Multi-Parameter Approach Using a Fatty-Acid-Based Collector
Savas Ozun
The efficient separation of chromite from olivine remains a critical challenge in mineral processing due to their industrial significance and frequent co-occurrence in ultramafic deposits. Conventional gravity separation methods are ineffective for fine-grained ores, leading to chromite losses and reduced concentrate grades, thereby necessitating alternative approaches such as froth flotation. How
Assessment of Better Enrichment Mechanisms to Selectively Separate Rare-Earth-Bearing Minerals from Barite and Fluorite
Mahmut Camalan, Özgün Cem Özgür
Enrichment of rare-earth-bearing minerals is essential for the downstream extraction of rare-earth elements. This paper presents the results of preliminary flotation and other separation tests, collectively aimed at assessing better methods for separating a rare-earth-bearing mineral (bastnasite) from Ca-bearing (fluorite) and Ba-bearing (barite) minerals in a Turkish rare-earth ore. The ore was b
A review of the effect of rheology on grinding, classification, flotation, and leaching processes
Işıl Tokcan
Slurry rheology, which encompasses the overall impact of inter-particle interactions such as aggregation, dispersion, and sedimentation particularly pronounced under fine-particle conditions, has long been acknowledged as a critical factor in determining processing efficiency. Fine particles can increase slurry viscosity and yield stress, making it more difficult to pump, transport, and process. T
New technology to improve the recovery of fine particles in froth flotation based on using hydrophobized glass bubbles
S. Arriagada, C. Acuña
A new technology has been developed to improve the selective recovery of fine particles in the froth flotation process. The technology is based on using hydrophobized glass bubbles (HGB) as a carrier material for hydrophobic fine particles, which promotes selective particle agglomeration. A proof of concept was carried out using fine graphite particles (13 µm) in order to validate the technology.
New approach for flotation process modelling and simulation
J. Yianatos, P. Vallejos
The aim of this work consisted of developing a flotation model based on industrial data from modern and large mechanical flotation cells (up to 300 m3). Using industrial data from different flotation plants, a general model was developed considering the metallurgical performance, residence time distribution, and operational and hydrodynamic conditions. The model considers the behaviour of each cel
Mineralogical and surface chemical characterization of flotation feed and products after wet and dry grinding
Miika Peltoniemi, Rita Kallio
Wet processing after crushing is common practice in mineral processing circuits involving flotation, but the need for more efficient water management has increased interest towards dry processing. In this study, the effects of both wet and dry grinding on flotation of one sulphidic and one non-sulphidic ore were compared. Bench-scale flotation tests were carried out, and various microscopic and sp
Improving flotation separation of apatite from dolomite using PAMS as a novel eco-friendly depressant
Bin Yang, Zhanglei Zhu
Froth flotation is widely used as an effective method for separating apatite from dolomite. However, it is of difficulty to realize the efficient separation of apatite and dolomite using the traditional fatty acid collectors without any depressants due to their similar physicochemical properties. In this work, the depression performance of poly (acrylic acid-co-maleic acid) sodium salt (PAMS) acti
Fuzzy distributional robust optimization for flotation circuit configurations based on uncertainty theories
Yu Liang, Dakuo He
Fuzzy distributional robust optimization for flotation circuit configurations is proposed to find optimal flotation circuit configurations based on the distribution profiles of economic performance, and the best and worst distributions can be identified by uncertainty theories. All feasible flotation circuits are represented by a super-structure, and single cell is simulated by a flotation simulat
Flotation separation of molybdenite from chalcopyrite using an environmentally-efficient depressant L-cysteine and its adsoption mechanism
Zhigang Yin, Shengda Chen
In this work, L-cysteine was introduced as an environmentally-efficient flotation reagent in the selective separation of molybdenite from chalcopyrite. Its flotation performance and adsorption mechanism onto chalcopyrite were also investigated by flotation experiment, zeta potential, FTIR spectra, Raman spectra, TOF-SIMS measurements and DFT calculations. The flotation results indicated that L-cysteine
Determination of the mass transfer rate constant in a laboratory column flotation using the bubble active surface coefficient
Amir Eskanlou, Mohammad Reza Khalesi
This study aimed to introduce a new approach to determine the mass transfer rate constant in a laboratory column flotation through an analogy to a mass transfer process. The RTD of the column at two separate bubble sizes were modeled using both conventional N-mixer and N-mixer with back-mixing flow models. The number of perfect mixers (N) and the corresponding backflow coefficients (λ) were optimi
Continuous bio-hydrometallurgical extraction of zinc from a bulk lead-zinc flotation concentrate on a pilot scale
Mosayeb Ahmadi, Mohammad Raouf Hosseini
The high interlock between the fine particles of sphalerite and galena in some parts of the Goushfil mine (Isfahan, Iran) ore has significantly reduced the flotation efficiency. According to the acceptable capability of bioleaching in the recovery of metals from the complex mineralogical resources, the feasibility of zinc extraction from a low-grade (34% Zn) bulk flotation concentrate was investig
Application of Positron Emission Particle Tracking (PEPT) to measure the bubble-particle interaction in a turbulent and dense flow
A.-E. Sommer, K. Ortmann
In flotation processes, the interplay of turbulence and particle dynamics significantly affects the recovery rates of solid materials. This study aims to apply Positron Emission Particle Tracking (PEPT) to examine how turbulence influences the interaction between bubbles and particles in dense flow conditions. Utilizing an experimental setup, single air bubbles were generated in a water flow chann
A novel miscible collector DDA 2 octanol kerosene Proper 2020 Minerals Engi
Xiaoxiao Qiao, An Liu
A novel combined reagent dodecylamine (DDA)–2-octanol–kerosene was employed to overcome the problems associated with DDA, that is, DDA has a high freezing point and needs to be acidified with hydrochloric or acetic acid when it is used for flotation. The analysis of the basic physical properties of the agent showed that DDA–2-octanol–kerosene had significant advantages in freezing point and disper
Activation mechanism of zinc ions in cassiterite flotation with benzohydroxamic acid as a collector
Yang Cao, Lei Sun
The presence of Pb2+ can activate cassiterite flotation; however, its biotoxicity may lead to environmental issues. Therefore, this study investigates the feasibility of using Zn2+ instead of Pb2+ in cassiterite flotation. The effects and mechanism of Zn2+ on the floatability of cassiterite were analyzed using benzohydroxamic acid (BHA) as the collector. Results indicated a higher recovery of cass
A comparison of native starch, oxidized starch and CMC as copper-activated pyrite depressants
Brenton Fletcher, Wonder Chimonyo
The performance of native wheat starch (NWS), a hydrogen peroxide-oxidized wheat starch (Perox 3/30) and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) as copper-activated pyrite depressants are compared in lab-scale flotation trials. Both Perox 3/30 and CMC demonstrate similar and significantly better performance than NWS at dosages of 100–300 g/t. At 700 g/t, both starches depressed essentially all of the copper
The utilization of citric acid as a depressant for the flotation separation of barite from fluorite
Cheng Liu, Ming Zhou
To achieve the efficient flotation separation of barite from fluorite, citric acid (CA) was utilized as a depressant for fluorite in this study. Microflotation showed that both fluorite and barite had good floatability when using sodium oleate (NaOl) as the collector, while fluorite was selectively depressed when using CA as the depressant. Real ore flotation confirmed that CA could be used as a d
The effect of regrinding on the design offlotation circuits
Renato Acosta-Flores, Freddy A. Lucay
The regrinding of some streams within flotation circuits, to liberate valuable mineral attached to gangue, is a common practice. However, the methodologies proposed for flotation circuit design based on optimization usually do not consider regrinding. This work analyzes the effect of the uncertainty in flotation and regrinding stages on the design of flotation circuits via mathematical optimizatio
Surface properties of copper-sulfide minerals with sodium-hydrosulfide activation
Hidekazu Matsuoka, Kohei Mitsuhashi
The surface properties of slightly oxidized chalcocite, bornite, and chalcopyrite with sodium hydrosulfide (NaHS) treatment were investigated by solid analyses of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, solution analyses, and zeta potential measurements. NaHS is known as a flotation activator for copper-oxide minerals by sulfurizing their surfaces. This study focused on the surface properties before/aft
Selective flotation of apatite from micaceous minerals using patauá palm tree oil collector
Juliana Angélica Evangelista de Carvalho, Paulo Roberto Gomes Brandão
Micaceous minerals are commonly found in phosphate ores, representing a challenge to selectively recover apatite. Aiming at identifying new flotation reagents for the separation of apatite from micaceous minerals, this study investigates the floatability of apatite, biotite and phlogopite in the presence of patauá oil-based collector. The chemical and mineralogical composition, electrokinetic prop
Selective flotation of Cu-Mo sulfides using xanthan gum as a novel depressant
Hai Yan, Bingqiao Yang
Molybdenite and chalcopyrite is generally separated through the selective depression of chalcopyrite using potentially toxic depressants such as sodium sulfide and cyanides. In this work, xanthan gum (XG), a polymer polysaccharide, was investigated as a potential molybdenite depressant in copper-molybdenum sulfides separation. Single mineral flotation tests indicated that molybdenite could be effe
Improving zinc processing using computational fluid dynamics modelling – Successes and opportunities
M. Philip Schwarz
Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) models have been developed for many of the unit operations involved in zinc processing, both in the concentrator and in smelting or refining operations. These models are now relatively sophisticated, being capable of accounting for metallurgical effects as well as the underlying multi-phase flow processes, and are therefore powerful tools for optimising process a
Copper Recovery from Silicate-Containing Low-Grade Copper Ore Using Flotation Followed by High-Pressure Oxidative Leaching
Baisui HAN, Batnasan ALTANSUKH
In this paper, we present the results for recovery of copper from silicate-containing low-grade copper ore using flotation followed by atmospheric and high-pressure oxidative leaching. The objective of this study is to address the challenges associated with low-grade copper ores, particularly focusing on the recovery of copper while managing the increasing impurities present in the ores. The metho
COPPER EXTRACTION BY ELECTROLEACHING OF METALLIC SULPHIDES FLOTATION CONCENTRATES
Luis Gonzaga S. Sobral, Vânia Mori
Copper occurs in the crust of the earth, predominantly, as sulphides. Among the copper sulphide minerals, the chalcopyrite is the most abundant and the most refractory to the conventional oxidative processes. This work aims at developing an electrolytic process for treating a copper sulphides flotation concentrate, more precisely chalcopyrite (CuFeS2) and bornite (Cu5FeS4) in the percentages of 70
The Direct Leaching of Nickel Sulfide Flotation Concentrates – A Historic and State-of-the-Art Review Part I: Piloted Processes and Commercial Operations
Nebeal Faris, Mark I. Pownceby
The extraction of nickel (Ni) from sulfide resources commences with flotation to produce a concentrate which is then smelted to create a nickel-enriched phase called matte, further refined to produce pure Ni products along with by-products such as cobalt (Co), copper (Cu), and precious metals. Despite the technological robustness of the traditional concentrate smelting-matte refining process, it i
Demand Side Management of a Run-of-Mine Ore
B. Matthews, I.K. Craig
Increasing electricity costs coupled with lower prices for some metals such as platinum group metals, require a reevaluation of the operation of grinding processes. Demand side management (DSM) has received increasing attention in the field of industrial control as an opportunity to reduce operating costs. DSM through grinding mill power load shifting is presented in this paper using model predict
EXTREMUM SEEKING CONTROL OF GRINDING MILL CIRCUITS BASED ON GRIND
Lukasz Ziolkowski
Mineral processing plants include several operations to liberate the valuable minerals within raw ore material to produce a concentrate, which is processed into a usable product by a metallurgical refinery. A significant aspect of this process is the comminution stage, which greatly affects the operational costs and efficiency of the plant. This study aims to develop a control framework to optimiz
EXTREMUM SEEKING CONTROL OF GRINDING MILL CIRCUITS BASED ON GRIND
Lukasz Ziolkowski
Mineral processing plants encompass various operations aimed at liberating valuable minerals from raw ore material to produce a concentrate for further processing. A prominent stage in this process is comminution, where raw ore is processed through grinding mill circuits to achieve fine particles for effective mineral separation. This stage is critical as it significantly impacts the net revenue o
HYBRID NON-LINEAR MODEL PREDICTIVE CONTROL OF A RUN-OF-MINE ORE
Stefan Botha, I.K. Craig
A run-of-mine (ROM) ore milling circuit is primarily used to grind incoming ore containing precious metals to a powder fine enough to liberate the valuable minerals contained therein. The ground ore has a product particle size specification that is set by the downstream separation unit. However, controlling a ROM ore milling circuit has challenges due to unmeasurable process outputs, non-lineariti
HYBRID NON-LINEAR MODEL PREDICTIVE CONTROL OF A RUN-OF-MINE ORE
Stefan Botha, I.K. Craig
A run-of-mine (ROM) ore milling circuit plays a crucial role in processing ores containing precious metals to achieve a particle size suitable for the liberation of valuable minerals. The effective management of the ROM milling circuit, which includes components such as a mill, sump, and hydrocyclone, poses significant challenges due to unmeasured process outputs, inherent non-linearities, time de
DEVELOPMENT OF PERFORMANCE FUNCTIONS
Donghui Wei, Ian K. Craig
This thesis investigates the economic performance assessment (EPA) of control systems, which is gaining significance in both academic and industrial contexts. The objective is to develop performance functions (PFs) that serve as tools for estimating the benefits of control upgrade projects and enhancing the economic performance of control systems. A methodology is proposed for creating PFs, utiliz
Journal of Process Control 129 (2023) 103067
Zander M. Noome, Johan D. le Roux
The model predictive static programming (MPSP) technique, which is extended recently to incorporate applicable state and control constraints, operates on the philosophy of nonlinear model predictive control (NMPC). However, it reduces the problem into a lower-dimensional problem of control variables alone, thereby enhancing computational efficiency significantly. Because of this, problems with lar
THE DEVELOPMENT OF DYNAMIC MODELS FOR A DENSE MEDIUM SEPARATION CIRCUIT IN COAL BENEFICIATION
Ewald Jonathan Meyer
Dense medium separation (DMS) plants are crucial for the beneficiation of run-of-mine (ROM) coal in metallurgy, where maintaining the quality and yield of production poses significant challenges due to variations in ROM quality. This study aimed to develop a first principle dynamic mathematical model for a DMS circuit to aid in enhancing control systems that can effectively manage product throughp
Economic performance assessment of two ROM ore milling circuit controllers
Donghui Wei, Ian K. Craig
Economic performance assessment of control systems is receiving increasing attention in both academia and industry. A relevant framework is proposed in Bauer and Craig based on a comprehensive survey of the methods for economic analysis of advanced process control systems. The framework provides a formal procedure for the economic assessment of control systems. A practically motivated simulation s
THE FLOTATION OF HIGH TALC-CONTAINING
VELAPHI MOSES NASHWA
This project investigates the optimisation of platinum-group metals recovery at the Mimosa Mine in Zimbabwe. The first part of this research investigates how collector performance can be improved by using collector combinations (mixtures) of the standard sodium iso-butyl xanthate with a secondary collector. The synergistic effect of the sodium-iso-butyl-xanthate (SIBX) combined with trithiocarbona
Simulation of Grinding Media Motion and Collisions in Wet-Operated Accelerator-Mill Using DEM Coupled with CFD
Kang He, Minping Jia
The relative motion and collision between grinding media in a wet-stirred accelerator mill are modelled using the discrete element method (DEM) coupled with computational fluid dynamics (CFD). The local average normalized grinding media velocity profile is employed to divide the grinding chamber into four volumes, which facilitates the analysis of the stress energy distribution. The local grinding
Prediction of Circulation Load of Side-Flanged High-Pressure Grinding Rolls Closed-Circuit Crushing
Nan Li, Lixia Li
To enhance the performance of the combined high-pressure grinding roller (HPGR) and tower mill (TM) process for −1 mm particle size, this study addresses the key technical challenges of insufficient material quantity (<100 kg) and complex experimental procedures in HPGR closed-circuit crushing tests by proposing a novel circulating load prediction method based on the principle of mass balance and
Considering Specific Ion Effects on Froth Stability in Sulfidic Cu-Ni-PGM Ore Flotation
Malibongwe S. Manono, Kirsten C. Corin
The mining and mineral processing of Cu-Ni-PGM sulfide ores in South Africa occurs in semi-arid regions, presenting challenges regarding water resource scarcity. As a response, mineral concentrators are increasingly engaging in the recycling and re-use of process water, which alleviates reliance on municipal water and addresses environmental regulations on freshwater usage, aligning with Sustainabl
Effects of Sodium Silicate on Flotation Separation of Sphalerite and Dolomite and Its Mechanism
Longqian Ni, Jinfang Lv
Sphalerite often co-exists with dolomite, a carbonate mineral containing calcium and magnesium. In the flotation process of sphalerite, dolomite entering into the concentrate will have a considerable negative impact on the subsequent smelting. Therefore, the effects of sodium silicate on the flotation separation of sphalerite and dolomite and its mechanism were investigated in this study. It was f
Machine Learning Algorithms for Semi-Autogenous Grinding Mill Operational Regions' Identification
Pedro Lopez, Ignacio Reyes
Energy consumption represents a significant operating expense in the mining and minerals industry. Grinding accounts for more than half of the mining sector’s total energy usage, where the semi-autogenous grinding (SAG) circuits are one of the main components. The implementation of control and automation strategies that can achieve production objectives along with energy efficiency is a common goa
Effects of Sec-Octanol and Terpineol on Froth Properties and Flotation Selectivity Index for Microcrystalline Graphite
Xuexia Wang, Juan Zhang
Microcrystalline graphite is a valuable non-metallic mineral that can be separated by flotation, a physico-chemical processing method that uses air bubbles to capture mineral particles. The size and stability of the bubbles, which depend on the type and amount of frother added, affect the flotation performance and the recovery of water from the froth layer. However, the effects of different types
Enhancing Fines Recovery by Hybrid Flotation Column and Mixed Collectors
Polyxeni K. Tsave, Margaritis Kostoglou
The froth flotation technique can be considered one of the most efficient methods for the separation of minerals. Prior to utilizing any physicochemical separation method, the size of the mined ore must be decreased to facilitate the release of the valuable materials. This practice, along with the increased exploitation of ores that carry fine mineral particles, causes the production of fine and u
Interaction Between Nonionic Surfactants and Alkyl Amidoamine Cationic Collector in the Reverse Flotation of Iron Ore
José Tadeu Gouvêa Junior, Flávia Paulucci Cianga Silvas
This paper evaluates the performance of four ethoxylated nonionic surfactants (nonyl phenol vs. C13 alcohols) to act as ancillary collectors with Alkyl Amidoamine (AAA) in the reverse flotation of quartz at pH8 to concentrate iron ores. Compared to 100% AAA, the blend composed of 80% AAA (Flotinor®5530) plus 20% of isotridecyl alcohol ethoxylated with five groups of ethylene oxide (DP-210 RO) impr
Scale-Up Investigation of a Pilot and Industrial Scale Semi-Autogenous Mill Using a Particle Scale Model
Paul W. Cleary, Matt D. Sinnott
A particle scale model based on a full two-way coupling of the Discrete Element Method (DEM) and Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) methods is applied to SAG mills. Motion and collisions of resolved coarser particles within an SAG mill are performed by the DEM component. Fine particles in the feed combine with the water to form a slurry, which is represented by the SPH component of the model. S
Interaction Between Nonionic Surfactants and Alkyl Amidoamine Cationic Collector in the Reverse Flotation of Iron Ore
José Tadeu Gouvêa Junior, Flávia Paulucci Cianga Silvas
This paper evaluates the performance of four ethoxylated nonionic surfactants (nonyl phenol vs. C13 alcohols) to act as ancillary collectors with Alkyl Amidoamine (AAA) in the reverse flotation of quartz at pH8 to concentrate iron ores. Compared to 100% AAA, the blend composed of 80% AAA (Flotinor®5530) plus 20% of isotridecyl alcohol ethoxylated with five groups of ethylene oxide (DP-210 RO) impr
Simulating the Effect of Water Recirculation on Flotation through Ion-Spiking: Effect of Ca2+ and Mg2+
Mathew Dzingai, Malibongwe Manono
Froth flotation is a multifaceted complex process which is water intensive. The use of recycled water as an alternative source of water to meet water demands of the process may introduce deleterious inorganic ions that affect the mineral surface, pulp chemistry, and reagent action, hence the need to establish whether threshold ion concentrations exist beyond which flotation performance will be adver
Using Discrete Element Method to Analyse the Drop Ball Test
Ngonidzashe Chimwani, Murray Mulenga Bwalya
The drop ball test (DBT) is a common quality control procedure used in many grinding media manufacturing units to evaluate the quality of manufactured balls. Whilst DBTs have provided reasonable data over many years, the quantitative comparison of the energy that the balls are subjected to during the DBT and in high-impact loading environments such as semi-autogenous grinding (SAG) mills remains a